Lungs Flashcards
What method is used to examine suspected neoplasia
or clinical signs of dyspnea or coughing?
Thoracic radiography
The lungs have ____ main arteries and
_____ main vein(s)
2 main arteries
1 main vein
T/F:
In thoracic radiography, the left pulmonary artery is more ventral
than the right
FALSE!
The left is more DORSAL than the right
The main pulmonary vein courses back from the lungs and
empties in the
left atrium
The _____ is always accompanied by an artery and a vein;
a triad
Bronchus
Caudal lobe pulmonary vessels are best seen in
_____ view
DV
Arteries and veins of the non-dependent (up) lung are
______ to see
easier
Lung lesions are better detected in the
non-dependent (up) lung because it’s better aerated with
gas which provides contrast. Therefore
_____ view is best for Caudal Lung Lobes
and
_____ view is best for Right Lung Lobes
DV view is best for Caudal Lung Lobes
and
LEFT Lateral view is best for Right Lung Lobes
Lesions in places other than the lungs are better seen on
the _______ side
down
Normally, only main stem bronchi are seen.
Smaller bronchi become visible with
which 2 causes?
Mineralization
Cellular or fluid infiltration
Increased conspicuity of the bronchial tree,
ring shadows (donuts), and Tram lines
are all characteristics of this lung pattern
Bronchial Pattern
What are the 2 types of interstitial patterns?
Structured and Unstructured
Metastasis is an example of this lung pattern
Structured interstitial
The following characteristics describe which lung pattern?
Consolidation
Atelectasis
Border Effacement
Lobar Distribution
Labile
Alveolar Pattern
When air in the lungs is replaced by fluids or cells, it is known as
Consolidation
When air is squashed out of the lung, it is known as
Atelectasis
Total Atelectasis is known as
Lung collapse
The phenomenon of air-filled bronchi (dark) being made visible by the opacification of surrounding alveoli (grey/white). It is almost always caused by a pathologic airspace/alveolar process, in which something other than air fills the alveoli.
Air bronchogram
when there is a loss of distinct borders of 2 objects of the same opacity that are touching each other
Border effacement
______________ Distribution
of consolidation occurs because of spread of infection across segmental boundaries
Lobar
Atelectasis vs. Consolidation:
Which has increased soft tissue opacity as a sign?
BOTH
Atelectasis vs. Consolidation
Which has a decreased size of the lung lobe?
Atelectasis
In atelectasis, the heart shifts
towards the _____
ribs
What is the primary differences between atelectasis and consolidation?
In atelectasis, the lung lobes appear smaller and the
heart shifts towards the ribs.
In consolidation, the lung lobes are either normal or increased in size
and the heart does not shift
Mediastinal shift is best seen on which view?
DV/VD
Describe the mediastinal shift associated with lung atelectasis
it shifts to the side of the collapsed lung
Describe the mediastinal shift associated with a thoracic mass
or fluid
shifts to the opposite side of the mass or fluid and the lung compensates
What are the differentials for a focal lesion distribution in the thorax?
abscess
granuloma
neoplasia
What are the differentials for multifocal lesion distribution in the thorax?
Neoplasia
Abscess
Fungal Granuloma
Parasitic
Mineralization will show this type of lung pattern
Bronchial pattern
________ _________ are present when a sharp line of demarcation is noted between a lung lobe that is opaque (consolidated)
and adjacent to one that is either normally aerated or near normally aerated.
Lobar signs
_____ ________ are seen when a patient has
fluid accumulation in the alveoli and parenchyma
and as a result, the affected lung lobe is radiopaque
compared to its radiolucent adjacent lobes.
Lobar signs
The presence of a ___ ___ indicates
alveolar disease due to the presence of exudates, edema, and/or hemorrhage in that area.
lobar sign
