lungs Flashcards
the volume of air expelled from the lungs during maximal forced expiration starting after a maximal forced inspiration
vital capacity
obstructive diseases increase functional residual capacity by causing increased____ ____due to increased______ ______.
obstructive diseases increase functional residual capacity by causing increased air trapping due to increased lung compliance.
the volume of gas remaining in the lungs at the end of a normal tidal volume
functional residual capacity
may decrease when lung compliance or respiratory muscle strength decrease
tidal volume
the volume of air entering or leaving the nose or mouth per breath
tidal volume
determined by muscles of expiration and the lung’s inward elastic recoil
residual volume
decreased functional residual capacity would incur from ____ ____ due to increased elastic recoil
decreased functional residual capacity would incur from pulmonary fibrosis due to increased elastic recoil
emphysema increases functional residual capacity because of increased lung______?
lung compliance
Vital Capacity is how many liters and a combination of what?
total Vital capacity 4.5L
inspiratory reserve volume 2.5L
Tidal volume 0.5L
Expiratory reserve volume 1.5L
(NOT RESIDUAL VOLUME 1.5L)
the volume of gas that that is inhaled during maximal forced inspiration STARTING at the end of normal tidal volume
inspiratory reserve volume
Emphysema increases residual volume why?
- decreased lung recoil.
- alveoli are larger and hold more air.
- air trapping occurs increasing dynamic compression due to decreased radial traction
lung elastic recoil and chest wall recoil forces are balanced at which lung capacity?
(muscle of respiration are relaxed)
functional residual capacity
atelectasis (collapsed alveoli that do not hold air) would do what to residual volume ?
decrease residual volume
transmural pressure equals?
outside(intrapleural pressure) - inside(alveolar pressure)
surfactant abnormalities would decrease functional residual capacity why?
decreased surfactant
increased surface tension
alveoli shrink in size
the volume of gas that is expelled from the lungs during a maximal forced expiration that STARTS at the end of normal tidal volume
expiratory reserve volume
expiratory muscle dysfunction would do what to residual volume?
increase residual volume
obstructive disease such as bronchitis or asthma attack increase residual volume why?
-increased dynamic compression due to decreased effective radius of airway (mucus obstruction or airway constriction)
an important determination of alveolar ventilation
tidal volume
the volume of air that is inhaled into the lungs during a maximal inspiratory effort that BEGINS at the end of a normal tidal expiration(the FRC)
inspiratory capacity
inspiratory capacity is a combination of what?
How many liters per?
total 3L
inspiratory reserve volume 2.5L
Tidal volume 0.5L
increased lung recoil from restrictive diseases would do what to residual volume?
decrease residual volume
functional residual capacity is a combination of what?
How many liters per?
total 3L
Expiratory reserve volume 1.5L
Residual volume 1.5L
surfactant abnormalities would decrease_______
functional residual capacity
the volume of gas left in the lungs after maximal forced expiration
residual volume
prevents lung collapse at very low volumes-
physiological peep
residual volume
