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Pulmonary module > Lung volumes and capacities > Flashcards

Lung volumes and capacities Flashcards

1
Q

What is tidal volume?

A

The volume of quiet breathing. 500mL

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2
Q

What is Inspiratory reserve volume?

A

maximal inspiration above tidal volume. 3000mL

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3
Q

What is Expiratory Reserve volume?

A

Maximal expiration below tidal volume. 1200mL

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4
Q

What is residual volume?

A

Volume remaining after maximal expiration. 1200mL

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5
Q

What is inspiratory capacity?

A

Tidal volume + IRV = 3500mL

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6
Q

What is functional residual capacity?

A

ERV + RV = 2400mL

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7
Q

What is Vital capacity?

A

IC + ERV = 4700mL

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8
Q

What is Total lung capacity?

A

VC + RV = 5900mL

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9
Q

What is the volume of the anatomic dead space?

A

150mL

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10
Q

What is the equation for physiologic dead space?

A

VD = Vt [(Paco2 - PEco2) / Paco2]

VD = volume of physiologic dead space
Vt = Tidal volume
Paco2 = Pco2 of arterial blood
PEco2 = Pco2 of expired air
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11
Q

What is minute ventilation?

A

minute ventilation = Vt x Breathes per minute

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12
Q

What is the alveolar ventilation rate?

A

VA = (Vt - VD) x Breaths per minute

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13
Q

What is the alveolar ventilation Equation?

A

VA = [(Vco2 x K) / PAco2]

VA = alveolar ventilation rate
Vco2 = rate of CO2 production
PAco2 = Alveolar Pco2
K = constant (863mmHg)
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14
Q

What is the Alveolar Gas Equation?

A

PAo2 = PIo2 - (PAco2 / R) + correction factor

PAo2 = Alveolar Po2
PIo2 = Po2 of inspired air
PAco2 = Alveolar Pco2
R = respiratory exchange ratio (.8 under normal conditions)
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15
Q

What is the expanded alveolar gas equation?

A

PAo2 = (PB - Ph2o) x FO2 - (Paco2/R)

PAo2 = Alveolar partial pressure of Oxygen
PB = barometric pressure
Ph2o = partial pressure of water vapor
FO2 = fraction of oxygen in air
Paco2 = arterial partial pressure of CO2
R = respiratory exchange ratio (.8)
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16
Q

What happens to the A -a gradient with aging?

A

The A - a gradient increases with aging. O2 diffusion decreases.

17
Q

What is the equation for A - a gradient to adjust for age?

A

(Age + 4) / 4

18
Q

What is normal PAO2?

A

100mmHg

Pulmonary module (4 decks)

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