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RESP > Lung immunity > Flashcards

Lung immunity Flashcards

1
Q

What is innate immunity?

A

Non-specific immunity you’re born with

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2
Q

What is adaptive immunity?

A

Immunity learned over time and exposure to different pathogens

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3
Q

What makes up innate immunity?

A

Non-immune: epithelium, mucous, coughing

Immune: phagocytosis

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4
Q

What makes up adaptive immunity?

A 
T lymphocytes (CD8 & CD4 cells)
B lymphocytes (produce antibodies)
Immunological memory
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5
Q

What is an antigen?

A

Foreign proteins that stimulate an immune response

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6
Q

What are antibodies?

A

Protein specific to an antigen

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7
Q

Where are T lymphocytes produced?

A

Bone marrow, mature in thymus gland

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8
Q

Where are B lymphocytes produced?

A

Bone marrow

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9
Q

Which antibodies are involved in hypersensitivity reactions?

A

IgM, IgG and IgE

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10
Q

What is cell necrosis?

A

Cells swell and lyse, releasing its contents which can damage surrounding tissue - results in inflammation and phagocytosis of necrosed cell

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11
Q

What is cell apoptosis?

A

Cell is switched off and becomes inert - is phagocytosed by tissue macrophages and there’s no tissue damage

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12
Q

What is an epitope?

A

Specific region on an antigen that’s recognised by a specific antibody

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13
Q

Define inflammation

A

Local response to infection/ injury

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14
Q

What are the 5 cardinal signs of inflammation?

A 
Calor (heat)
Rubor (redness)
Dolor (pain)
Tumour (swelling)
Functio laesa (loss of function)
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15
Q

What initiates acute inflammation in the lungs?

A

Alveolar macrophages

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16
Q

Define hypersensitivity

A

Over-reaction by the immune system to things you don’t need to react to - causes damage to body itself

17
Q

What is a type 1 hypersensitivity reaction?

A

IgE mediated

Causes allergic response

18
Q

What is a type 2 hypersensitivity reaction?

A

IgG mediated

Autoimmune disorder

19
Q

What is a type 3 hypersensitivity reaction?

A

IgG mediated

Immune complexes deposited causing inflammatory response

20
Q

What is a type 4 hypersensitivity reaction?

A

T-cell mediated

Granulation tissues delay response

21
Q

Onset of type 1 hypersensitivity reactions?

A

Immediate & acute

22
Q

Onset of type 2 hypersensitivity reactions?

A

Fairly quick

23
Q

Onset of type 4 hypersensitivity reactions?

A

Delayed

24
Q

Define atopy

A

Genetic tendency to develop allergic disorders

RESP (7 decks)

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