Lung Histo

Question 1

conducting vs respiratory division of the lungs

Answer 1

conducting - no gas exchange yet. nasal cavity down to terminal bronchioles. function is to warm , moisten, and filter air

respiratory division - begins with the respiratory bronchioles, lead into alveolar ducts, then to the alveolar sacs

Question 2

two different types of epithelium in the nasal cavity

Answer 2

vestibule of nasal cavity: ?

posterior portion: pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

Question 3

vibrissae

Answer 3

coarse hairs in the anterior portion of the nasal cavity (vestibule)

Question 4

kiesselbachs plexus

Answer 4

an anastamoses of four arteries in the lower anterior portion of the nasal septum

aka little’s area

90% of nose bleeds

Question 5

secratory IgA in the nasal cavity produced by what

Answer 5

plasma cells

Question 6

epithelium of the oropharynx, laryngeal pharynx

Answer 6

stratified squamous

Question 7

two large cartilages of the larynx

Answer 7

thyroid and cricoid, they are hyaline cartilages

Question 8

major elastic cartilage of the larynx

what types of epithelium are on both sides of it?

Answer 8

epiglottis

superior surface: stratified squamous epithelium

inferior surface: pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

Question 9

superior folds and vocal folds of the larynx:

do they move? epithelium?

Answer 9

superior: they do not move, pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium (just like the inferior surface of the epiglottis)

vocal folds: can move. superior surface covered with stratified squamous epithelium

Question 10

where is pseudostratified epithelium in the air way, and where is it stratified squamous

Answer 10

pseudostratified is basically all over EXCEPT for:

vocal fold, the superior epiglottis, and the nasal vestibule (stratified squamous)

Question 11

trachea - what about the basement membrane

Answer 11

is thick

Question 12

function of basal cells in the trachea

Answer 12

they are undifferentiated cells used to replenish goblet, ciliated columnar, and brush cells

Question 13

what do the darker and lighter muco-serous glandular cells of the trachea secrete

Answer 13

darker - serous

lighter - mucous

Question 14

when do you start to see smooth muscle appear in the bronchi

Answer 14

in the intrapulmonary bronchi

Question 15

where does the cartilage disappear from the airway

Answer 15

bronchiole

it still exists in the intrapulmonary bronchi

Question 16

where are you if you see cartilage and alveoli in a slide

Answer 16

intrapulmonary bronchi

Question 17

histology of large and small bronchiles

Answer 17

large: ciliated simple columnar with goblet cells

Small: simple cuboidal (some ciliated) with club (clara) cells and no goblet cells

Question 18

club cells produce

Answer 18

surfactant

CC16

Question 19

if you see an artery next to the brochial tree, what artery is it?

Answer 19

pulmonary artery

Question 20

two types of cells in the alveoli

Answer 20

type one pneumocyte - cover 95+% of the alveolar area, but are about the same in number as the type twos. extremely thin and flattened cells. squamous epithelial cells

type two pneumocyte - cuboidal, slightly more numerous than type ones contain and secrete DPPC (a surfactant)

Question 21

dust cell

Answer 21

aka intraalveolar macrophage

Question 22

bronchial veins drain into what

Answer 22

azygous system of veins

Question 23

where are the signals coming from that sympathetically supply the lungs

Answer 23

thoracic sympathetic chain ganglia