Lung cancer Flashcards
What are the different classifications of lung cancer?
Lung cancer is initially classified histologically as being either small cell lung cancer (SCLC) or non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) due to the different features, management and prognosis see in the two groups.
- SCLC accounts for around 15% of cases and generally carries a worse prognosis.
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NSCLC can be broken down into (percentages refer to total lung cancer cases, not just NSCLC)
- adenocarcinoma: c. 30%
- alveolar cell carcinoma: not related to smoking, ++sputum
- large cell: c. 10%
- squamous: c. 35%
- bronchial adenoma: mostly carcinoid
- adenocarcinoma: c. 30%
What is small cell lung cancer?
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC), previously referred to as oat cell carcinoma, is a malignant epithelial tumour arising from cells lining the lower respiratory tract.
It is an aggressive malignancy - 2/3 of pts have distant metastases at presentation.
Primarily develops in adult smokers
Histology:
- tumour cells are small
- densely packed
- with scant cytoplasm
- finely granular nuclear chromatin
- absence of nucleoli
What is the aetiology of small cell lung cancer?
What are the risk factors for small cell lung cancer?
Summarise the epidemiology of small cell lung cancer
What are the presenting symptoms of small cell lung cancer?
What are the signs of small cell lung cancer O/E?
What are the primary investigations for ?small cell lung cancer?
What are some secondary investigations for ?small cell lung cancer?
What is squamous cell carcinoma?
What is the aetiology of squamous cell carcinoma?
What are the risk factors for squamous cell carcinoma?
Summarise the epidemiology of small cell lung cancer
What are the presenting symptoms of small cell lung cancer?
What are the signs of squamous cell carcinoma O/E?
What are the primary investigations for ?squamous cell carcinoma?
What are some secondary investigations for ?squamous cell carcinoma?
What is large cell carcinoma?
What is the aetiology of large cell carcinoma?
What are the risk factors for large cell carcinoma?
Summarise the epidemiology of large cell carcinoma
What are the presenting symptoms of small cell lung cancer?
What are the signs of large cell carcinoma O/E?
What are the primary investigations for ?large cell carcinoma?
What are some secondary investigations for ?large cell carcinoma?
What is adenosquamous carcinoma?
What is the aetiology of adenosquamous carcinoma?
What are the risk factors for adenosquamous carcinoma?
Summarise the epidemiology of adenosquamous carcinoma
What are the presenting symptoms of adenosquamous carcinoma?
What are the signs of adenosquamous carcinoma? O/E?
What are the primary investigations for ?adenosquamous carcinoma?
What are some secondary investigations for ?adenosquamous carcinoma?
What is small cell lung cancer?
What is the aetiology of small cell lung cancer?
What are the risk factors for small cell lung cancer?
Summarise the epidemiology of small cell lung cancer
What are the presenting symptoms of small cell lung cancer?
What are the signs of small cell lung cancer O/E?
What are the primary investigations for ?small cell lung cancer?
What are some secondary investigations for ?small cell lung cancer?
What is bronchial adenoma?
What is the aetiology of bronchial adenoma?
What are the risk factors for bronchial adenoma?
Summarise the epidemiology of bronchial adenoma
What are the presenting symptoms of bronchial adenoma?
What are the signs of bronchial adenoma O/E?
What are the primary investigations for ?bronchial adenoma?
What are some secondary investigations for ?bronchial adenoma?
