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oncology > Lung Cancer > Flashcards

Lung Cancer Flashcards

1
Q

what are the classical symptoms of lung malignancy?

A
  • presistent cough
  • night sweats
  • smoking
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2
Q

what cancer secretes ectopic ACTH and other poly-peptides?

A

small cell lung cancer

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3
Q

what is the histological characteristics of small cell lung cancer?

A

dense neurosecretory granules

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4
Q

what are the paraneoplastic presentations of small cell carcinoma?

A
  • cushings (weight gain, purple striae, depression, hyperpigmentation, hypertension, impaired glucose tolerance)
  • addisons (lack of energy, increased thirst, depression)
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5
Q

what lung cancer is strongly associated with smoking?

A

small cell lung cancer

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6
Q

where are small cell lung cancers typically located?

A

centrally located in the hilar region

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7
Q

what lung cancer is associated with hypertrophic pulmonary oestoarthropathy and clubbing?

A

squamous cell carcinoma

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8
Q

what paraneoplastic conditions are squamous cell carcinomas associated with?

A

hyperparathyroidism (PTHrP)

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9
Q

what cancer is lambert-eaton myasthenic syndrome associated with?

A

small cell lung cancer

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10
Q

what lung cancer can present with syndrome of inappropriate ADH (SIADH)?

A

small cell lung cancer

  • low serum osmolality
  • raised urine osmolality
  • raised urine sodium
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11
Q

what is the management of small cell lung cancer?

A

combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy

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12
Q

what is the 5 year survival rate for small cell lung cancer?

A

<25%

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13
Q

what sort of referral should the GP make for suspected lung cancer?

A

2 weeks

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14
Q

what is the main risk factor for mesothelioma?

A

asbestos

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15
Q

name a malignant tumour of the pleural

A

mesothelioma - presents with pleural effusion and chest pain (secondary to chest wall invasion)

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16
Q

what is the characteristic imaging findings in mesothelioma?

A
  • pleural thickenings with some distinct plaques
  • lower zone lung fibrosis
17
Q

what is the most common lung cancer seen in non-smokers?

A

adenocarcinoma of the lung

18
Q

where does adenocarcinoma arise from?

A

mucus cells in the bronchial epithelium

19
Q

where are adenocarcinomas typically found?

A

peripheral airways

20
Q

what is the most likely lung cancer to cavitate?

A

squamous cell lung carcinoma

21
Q

where are pancost tumours found?

A

apex of the lung

22
Q

what is the most common type of lung cancer in the UK?

A

squamous cell lung carcinoma

23
Q

what structure is affected for the patient to present with symptoms of Horner’s syndrome?

ipsilateral miosis, ptosis, enopthalmos

A

cervical sympathetic plexus

24
Q

what is the cause for raised calcium in squamous cell lung carcinoma?

A

parathyroid hormone related peptide production

oncology (14 decks)

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