Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

OS Final Exam > Lumbar, Thoracic, Ribs, Vertebra Mechanics (Lecture) > Flashcards

Lumbar, Thoracic, Ribs, Vertebra Mechanics (Lecture) Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the curvatures of the

Cervical

Thoracic

Lumbar

Sacrum

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Whta vertebra is this?

A

Thoracic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What vertebra is this?

A

Lumbar vertebra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the spinous processes used for?

A

Attachment points for ligaments and muscles of the spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Explain the rule of 3’s

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Mneumonic for remembering superior facet orientation?

A

BUM- BUL- BM

Cervical: Backward, upward, medial

Thoracic: Backward, upward, lateral

Lumbar: Backward, medial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Label the spine

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Function of:

Anterior longitudinal ligament

A

Limits extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Function of:

Posterior Longitudinal Ligament

A

Resists hyperflexion

Prevents posterior herniation of nucleus pulposus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Function of:

Ligamentum Flava?

A

Connect the laminae of adjacent vertebra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are these muscles?

A

1 = Rotatores breves

2 = Rotatores longi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Function of roatores ms?

A

Bilaterally: Extends thoracic spine

Unilateral: Rotates thoracic spine to opposite direction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Label this m.

A

Multifidus m.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Function of multifidus m.?

A

Bilateral: extends spine

Unilateral: flexes spine to same side, rotates it to opposite side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Label the ms

A

4 = Semispinalis capitis

5 = Semispinalis cervicis

6 = Semispinalis thoracis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Function of semispinalis ms?

A

Bilateral: Extends thoracic and cervical spines and head

Unilateral: Bends head, cervical and thoracic spines to same side, rotates to opposite side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Define:

Coupled motion

A

Association of a motion along or about one axis that in turn induces motion about or along a 2nd axis

*The principle motion cannot be produced without the associated motion occuring as well

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Define:

Linkage

A

Relationship of joint mechanics with surrounding structures

*By linking multiple structures together —-> increased ROM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Barriers

What is the physiologic barrier?

A

Limit of active motion

20
Q

Barriers

What is the anatomic barrier?

A

Limit of motion imposed by anatomic structure

Limit of passive motion

21
Q

Barriers

What is the elastic barrier?

A

Range between the physiologic and anatomic barrier of motion in which passive ligamentous stretching occurs before tissue disruption

22
Q

Barriers

What is the restrictive barrier?

A

Functional limit within the anatomic range of motion

Abnormally diminishes the normal physiologic range

23
Q

How are physiologic, anatomic and elastic barriers applied to vertebral movements?

A
24
Q

Why does spinal somatic dysfunction matter?

A
  • Reduce efficiency
  • Impair flow of fluids
  • Alter nerve function
  • Create structural imbalance
25
Q

Fryette Mechanics:

What is the major mneumonic associated with type one mechanics?

A

TONGO

T: Type

O: One

N: Neutral

G: Group

O: Opposite

26
Q

Freyette Mechanics:

What is the mneumonic for type two mechanics?

A

T | Type 2

O | (non neutral)

S | single segment

S | same direction

27
Q

What is fryette’s 3rd principle?

A

Initiating movement of a vertebral segment in any plane of motion will modify the movement of that segment in other planes of motion

*If motion is restricted = motion will also be restricted in other directions

*If motion is improved = in one direction, motion will imrpove in other directions

28
Q

Summarize Fryette’s Principles

1

2

3

A
29
Q

Axis and Planes of motion

Which plane AND axis is responsible for the following motions?

  • Rotation
  • Sidebending
  • Flexion/Extension
A
30
Q

Spinal landmarks:

State the vertebral region at these landmarks

Spine of the scapula

Inferior angle of the scapula

Iliac crest

A

Spine of the scapula = T3

Inferior angle of the scapula = T7 / T8

Iliac crest = L4

31
Q

How do we name scoliosis?

A

Name toward the convexity!!!

Levo= left

Dextro = right

32
Q

What is that special angle related to the severity of scoliosis?

A

Cobb angle

33
Q

Cobb angle complications

What occurs with a cobb angle greater than…

>50

>75

A

Respiratory compromise >50

Cardiac compromise >75

34
Q

What is the straight leg test?

A
35
Q

Impingement of L5 would cause:

A

Pt. cannot walk on heels

Cannot dorsiflex

36
Q

Impingement of S1 would cause:

A

Inability to walk on toes

Inability to plantarflex

37
Q

What is spinal stenosis?

A
38
Q

What is cauda equina syndrome

A
39
Q

What are the three types of spina bifida in a progressively severe order?

A
40
Q

What is sacralization?

A

One or both TP’s of L5 are long and articulate with the sacrum

41
Q

What is lumbarization?

A

Failure of S1 to fuse with the rest of the sacrum (rare)

42
Q

What is spondylosis?

A

Bony spurs

43
Q

What is spondylolysis?

What is the major X-ray hallmark of this?

A

“Scotty dog fracture”

44
Q

What is spondylolesthesis?

A

Slipping of one vertebra on another

45
Q
A

OS Final Exam (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions