Lucent_Ancient_History Flashcards
Time
Father of history?
Herodotus
Eras
When did Saka era started?
- Vikram Era:57AD vikramaditya
- Saka Era:78AD Kushan ruler Kanishka, India Adopted Saka era with Georgian calender on 22 March 1957
- Gupta Era: 319-20AD , Chandragupta 1
- Harsha Era:606AD, Harshavardhan of kannuj
- Illahi era:1156AD, Akabar
- Raja Saka:1674 AD, Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaaj
Era
Convert 2024 in saka era
Saka to AD
2024+78
AD to Saka
2024-78
Time Period
TP of Mahajanpada
- Indus civilization:2,500 BC-1750 BC
- Vedic: 1,500 BC-600 BC
- Mahajanpada:600-322 BC
- Maurya Period:322-185BC
- Gupta Period: 319AD-550AD
Brahmic Text
Brtahmic Text is divided into?
- Shruti:Samhitas,or Vedas,Brahmanikas,Aryanikas,Upanishadas
- Samriti:Epics,Vedas,Vedangas or Sutras, Purans,Smritis
Brahmic Text
Who compiled vedas?
Vyas
Rigveda
Composed approximately 1500-1200 BCE
Considered the oldest of the Vedas, containing hymns and philosophical discussions
Samaveda
Primarily derived from the Rigveda’s hymns
Musical arrangements attributed to priests and musicians
Compiled around 1200-1000 BCE
Often considered a liturgical collection of melodies and chants
Yajurveda
Composed around 1100-800 BCE
Focuses on ritual instructions and sacrificial formulas
Atharvaveda
Compiled around 1000-800 BCE
Contains spells, incantations, and magical formulas
Brahmic Text
Para-Vidya is associated with?
Upanishad Teaching
Aim of life is merging the individual soul to world soul
Brahmic Text
Composing Time of Aryankas, Upanishads, Brahmins
1,000BC-600BC
Smrit:600BC-600AD
Knowledge of social organisation, king’s rights and duties
Epics,Purans:400BC-400AD
Brahmic Text
Yanna Bharte Tanne Bharte
Mahabharat
Ramayan:Yavanas(Greeks),Sakas(Scythians)
Buddhist Text
BT is divided into?
- Pali Text
* Tripataka
* Deepvansha
* Mahavansha
* Milindpannaho
2.Anupali Text
* Divyavdan
* Aryamanhushrimulkalpa
* Lalit Vistar
Buddhist Text
Tripatika consists of ?
1.Vinaya Pitka
2.Sutta Pitka
3.Abhidhamma Pitaka
Buddhist Texts
1st Buddhist Council
483 BC
Sattapanni caves in Rajgriha.(Bihar)
King Ajatashatru.
presided over by Monk Mahakasyapa.
The Agenda of the First Buddhist Council was to preserve the teachings (Sutta) of the Buddha and the monastic discipline and guidelines for monks (Vinaya).
It was held just after the death of the Buddha.
Suttas and Vinaya PITKA were recited and COMPILED by the monks Ananda and Upali respectively.
Abhidhamma Pitaka was also recited in this council.
Buddhist Text
2nd Buddhist Council
383 BC
Vaishali.
Kalasoka.
presided over by Sabakami.
The Agenda of the Second Buddhist Council was to settle the disagreements of different subdivisions.
This council rejected the Mahasangikas as canonical Buddhist texts. For this reason, the council is considered historical.
3rd Buddhist Council
Pataliputra in the Magadha Empire.
Emperor Ashoka.
The Third Buddhist Council was presided over by Moggaliputta Tissa.
The Agenda of the Third Buddhist Council was to analyze the different schools of Buddhism and to purify them.
Ashoka sent several groups to different countries to spread Buddhism after this council.
Buddhist Text
4th Buddhist Council
The fourth Buddhist council was convened in Kashmir.
It was under the patronage of Emperor Kanishka.
The Fourth Buddhist Council was presided over by Vasumitra and Asvaghosha
.
The Agenda of this Buddhist council was the reconciliation of various conflicts between different schools of thought.
Hinayana and Mahayana sects of Buddhism diverged after this council.
5th Buddhist Council
The fifth Buddhist council was held at Mandalay in Myanmar, then called Burma.
It was under the patronage of King Mindon of the Kingdom of Burma.
The Fifth Buddhist Council was presided over by Jagarabhivamsa, Narindabhidhaja, and Sumangalasami.
The Agenda of this council was to recite all the Buddhist learning and scrutinize them in minuscule detail.
This council is largely not recognized outside of Myanmar as no major Buddhist countries apart from Burma had representatives attending the council.