11_TN_Themes_2 Flashcards
T
he Early Vedic culture is correlated with
some of the __________
, while
the Later Vedic culture is correlated with the _________________
- Chalcolithic cultures of India,
2.Painted Grey Ware Culture of the Iron Age in
North India
Sandhi viched of Vedas
T
The Vedas (Vid = to know, Vidya)
T
he main collections of Vedic hymns are
called________
Samhitas:Samhitas are ritualistic texts, and they
explain the social and religious importance of
rituals. Each samhita has added texts called
brahmanas, which have commentaries on the
hymns and rituals.
Each Brahmana has
1.Aranyaka
2.Upannishad
Later vedic text include
The samhitas
of the Sama, Yajur and Atharva Vedas, and the
brahmanas, aranyakas and upanishads attached
to the Vedas
What is Zend Avesta and what it is about
The Zend Avesta is a Persian/Iranian text
of Zoroastrianism. This book speaks
about the lands and gods of the people
speaking the Indo-Iranian languages. It
has references to the regions of northern
and north-western parts of India. It has
terms which show linguistic similarity
with the Vedas. This text is an indirect
evidence that the early home of the Aryans
was outside the Indian subcontinent.
Pre-Harappan culture are the earliest
Chalcolithic cultures of India,
Tell about Calicolithic culture
Chalcolithic cultures were pastoral
and based on farming, generally rural in nature.
They used copper and stone blades and pottery
and also low grade iron in the later period
the early farming cultures are associated
with the Chalcolithic cultures rather than the
Neolithic cultures.
OCR Full form, found in, who it is named as OCR
Ochre Coloured Pottery Ware culture
is found in northern India dating to the
Chalcolithic period. The OCP pottery has red
slip and appears ochre in colour (the ochre
colour comes off when the pottery is touched)
and hence, it is called Ochre Coloured Pottery.
T
he OCP culture dates to 2600- 1200 BCE
OCR is aslo called as
The OCP sites produced copper figures
and objects and therefore it is also known as
“copper hoard culture.”
Iron age culture time period
T
he Iron Age in North India coincides with
the painted Grey Ware culture. The painted grey
ware is dated to from. 1100 to 800 BCE.
Tell about painted grey ware culture, to whom it succeeded and to whom it followed
The Painted Grey Ware culture succeeded
the Black and Red Ware Culture in the eastern
Ganga valley and Central India.
The
Painted Grey Ware cultural phase is followed by
Northern Black Polished Ware culture (NBPW),
which is associated with the Mahajanapada and
Mauryan periods
Name a tributary of Cauvery
northern bank of Noyyal river, a
tributary of the Cauvery
Tell different inscription of the world
- Anatolian
inscriptions of 1900-1700 BCE a - Kassite
inscriptions of 1600 BCE (Iraq)
3.Mittani
inscriptions of 1400 BCE (Syria)
4.Bhogaz Goi
inscriptions referring to names similar to the
Vedic gods (1400 BCE) have the common
features of the Indo-European languages, but
no such inscriptions are found in India
asva:
vrishabha:
animals not mentioned in rig veda
1.Horse
2.Bull
3.Tiger and Rhinoceros
genetic marker (DNA) is
said to have been found among the speakers of
Indo-Europeans.
M17
Native OF india were called as
Dasyus or Dasas.
Bharat was named on
The Bharatas and Tritsu were the ruling
Aryan clans who were supported by Vasishta, the
priest. The region of India was named Bharata
Varsha after the tribe of Bharatas
Battle of 10 kings was fought between and on river
The Bharata
clan was opposed by ten chiefs and five out of
them were Aryans. This battle was known as
the Battle of Ten Kings. The battle took place on
the banks of the river Paurushni, identified with
the river Ravi.
**
panis
sapatani
1.Panis were itinerary traders or
perhaps caravan traders. Panis are also seen as
enemies in some verses.
2. wife was known
as sapatni.
langla
sura
sita
The field was known as kshetra
and the term krishi referred to ploughing.
T
he terms langla and sura referred to plough
and the term sita meant the furrow created by
ploughing.
yavan
godhuma
They
cultivated barley (yavam) and wheat (godhuma).
ayas
karmara
takshan
The
term ayas in the Rig Veda refers to copper and
bronze. Karmara, smith, is mentioned in the
Rig Veda. Likewise, there are references to siri
or yarn, indicating spinning which was done by
women and to carpenters, takshan.
pan
The word pan
means barter, which was a mode of exchange.
Nishka was a gold or silver ornament used in
barter.
Sabha:
Samiti:
Vidhata:
T
he assemblies called sabha, samiti, vidhata
and gana are mentioned in the Rig Veda. Sabha
was the assembly of elders or the elites, samiti
was an assembly of people, and vidhata was the
assembly of tribe.
bali:
Vrajapati:
Gramini:
1.bali to the king.
Some scholars say that bali was an imposed
tax, and not voluntary.
2.The officer who
controlled the territory was called Vrajapati
3.Gramini was the head of the village and
fighting unit. .
Name of goddess.
Maruts:
Ushas was the goddess
of dawn. Aditi, Prithvi and Sinivali are other
goddesses
2.Maruts was the god of
strength. Interestingly there are few references
to Rudra or Siva
Later Vedic Culture Time Period:
1000 BCE and 700–600 BCE.
The Painted Grey Ware Culture of the Iron Age,
Tribes of Later Vedic Period
The Kurus, Panchalas, Vashas and Ushinaras
are the tribes of this period. References to the
Saraswati and Dhristavati rivers occur in the later
Vedic texts also
Iron was called as
It was called syama
ayas or krishna-ayas or the dark metal.
Two sacrifices by Rajan
1,The legitimization of kingship became
important with the performance of various
sacrifices such as vajapeya and rajasuya.
2,Srauta sacrifices (sacrifices to achieve
some benefits) were carried out to control the
resources.
3.he Aitreya Brahamana says that king
has to provide 1000 pieces of gold and cattle
to the Brahmana who anoints him.
Bharats+Purus=
Kurus
1.Kurus with panchal occupied the central part of ganga doab
2.Hastinapur Was capital
3.Kurus moved to Kausambhi after floods of hastinapur
4.Vajapeya:Chariot race
Panchvimsa Brahamana says:
Sataputa Brahamana Says:
1.Kstriya 1st
2.Brahmans 1st
Dvijya is concept of
1.Born twice(1st physical, 2nd Knowledge)
2.Upnanyana (Sacred Thread) limited to upper section of society.
3.4th verna and womeans were deprived of reciting gyatari mantra and upnanyana
4.Idea of gotra was there during LVA
Family type
1.Pologyamy
2.Sanyasa was not developed rest 3 were there
Satapath Brahmana mention ritual related to
Ploughing and kings gave importance to it
1.Use of rice then wheat in rituals
Tell about Religion
1.Agni and indra lost imp
2.Prajapati main Diety
3.rudra:god of rituals
4.Vishnu:Protector of ppl
5.no mention of vishnu incarnation
Satyamav Jayate is from
Mundaka Upanishad
Dara shikohi translated
Upanishad in 1657
Collection of vedic hyms
Samhita
Land of upper ganga doab was called
Kuru Panchals
Adichnallur is situated at
Tothukudi district
Zend Avastha
Persian/iranian text of zarostrianism
