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Cooling systems > Lubrication > Flashcards

Lubrication Flashcards

1
Q

Oil functions

A

Reduce wear
Clean
absorb heat
seal

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2
Q

For long service life from engines

A

oil must be matched to the engine and the operating conditions

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3
Q

Viscosity

A

Viscosity is an oils resistance to flow

Measured by the time for a specific amount of oil to move through a fixed orifice at a certain temp

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4
Q

Oil with to high of viscosity will cause

A

increased load on the engine trying to overcome the friction of the oil

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5
Q

oil with to low of viscosity

A

oil will not cling together under load and causing metal to metal contact

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6
Q

SAE

A

society of automotive engineers

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7
Q

Viscosity index

A

the rate that oil will change viscosity as the temperature changes

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8
Q

pour point

A

is the lowest temperature at which the test fluid can be poured at a 45 degree angle

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9
Q

Oil additives

A

chemicals added to the oil by the manufacturer to eliminate specific problems that may be encountered during operation

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10
Q

carbon particles

A

is a by product of the combustion process and form an abrasive wear particle

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11
Q

detergents

A

keep oil by products from forming on internal engine parts

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12
Q

dispersants

A

keep deposits suspended in the oil to be collected in the filter

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13
Q

Oxidation inhibitors

A

prevent oil from absorbing excess oxygen also prevent general corrosion relating to alloy bearing material

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14
Q

Anti-rust agents

A

help maintain a film of oil on components when engine is not operating

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15
Q

API

A

American petroleum institute

sets standards for oil classification

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16
Q

SI classification

A

spark ignition engine oil

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17
Q

CI classification

A

Compression ignition Engine oil

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18
Q

Synthetic oil

A

Becoming more popular for its ability for cold weather starting and reduced drag on the engine

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19
Q

Storage and handling

A

oil and filter changes should have there own bay to avoid air born contamination

20
Q

Majority of pre mature engine failure

A

Dirt introduced into the oil from service persons

21
Q

Oil sampling

A

Analysis program that works best when developed by the appropriate oil laboratory and service tech

22
Q

Most reliable oil sample is taken when

A

Oil is hot
sample location is clean
Taken from mid stream

23
Q

Oil plugs with magnetic ends

A

Should be checked for after removal for contamination

24
Q

two main purpose of oil analysis

A

determine the suitability of the oil

interpret results and determine if there are any existing internal problems

25
Q

Oil analysis can reveal

A 
proper oil temp during operation
coolant leaks
dirt and dust in engine
fuel dilution
effective oil filters 
crank case blow by 
effective oil change interval
26
Q

Lubrication system functions

A

creates the pressure and provides the delivery system needed to move engine oil throughout the engine

27
Q

Two types of lubrication systems

A

splash and pressurized

full pressure

28
Q

Crankcase

A

used to store and cool supply of engine oil used in the system also allows dirt and debris to settle out
as well as air bubbles to disperse

29
Q

RTV sealant

A

room temperature vulcanizing

can plug pick up screens if too much is used

30
Q

Oil level indicators

A

Dip sticks and sight glass

oil must be check on level surface

31
Q

Oil pressure gauge

A

reads the pressure of the oil during engine operation

will read high pressure when oil is cold

32
Q

Engine run in

A

new engines have very small tolerance between components and oil pressure may read high until these components wear to a point where oil pressure will be a constant

33
Q

Oil pump capacity

A

as much as 70% more to keep oil demand as engine wears over time

34
Q

Two types of oil pumps

A

external gear

internal gear or rotor pump

35
Q

external gear pumps

A

has two gears working in tandem to create a low pressure at the inlet and forcing oil out the outlet side

36
Q

Rotor type pump

A

inner rotor drives the outer as rotor turns oil is squeezed between the rotor lobes and forced out the outlet

37
Q

Pressure regulating valves

A

maintain system pressure during normal operating conditions

38
Q

oil pressure relief valve

A

prevents system damage by allowing oil to return back to pan if pressures reach higher then operational normal
relief valve pressure set higher then regulating valve

39
Q

Two types of oil coolers

A

Air to oil

oil to coolant

40
Q

Oil bypass valve

A

thermostatic by pass valves allow cold oil to around bypass engine cooler until it reaches operating temp for faster warm up

41
Q

two oil filter designs

A

bypass and full flow

42
Q

by pass filter

A

5%-10% of oil from the oil pump is filtered and return directly back to oil pan
often clean oil much more thoroughly then full flow
may trap particles down to 10 microns in size

43
Q

full flow filter

A

filters all oil supplied to the engine traps particles down to 25 to 60 microns in size

44
Q

when bypass valve in filter is open

A

full flow filter becomes a shunt filter delivering both filtered and unfiltered oil to the engine

45
Q

crank case ventilation system

A

required to remove water vapour oil vapour combustion vapours and fuel vapours
engine must remain warm to be most effective

46
Q

crank case ventilation system operation

A

during vehicle a low pressure is formed at the end of outlet tube and vapours are drawn out and dispersed fresh air enters through the valve cover filter

Cooling systems (5 decks)

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