Lubricant Manufacturing Flashcards
How many gallons are in a crude oil barrel?
42
What are the major compositional classifications of crude oil?
Naphthenic
Paraffinic
Asphaltic
What is the primary product produced from crude oil?
Distillate fuel products
How is crude oil converted into lubricating oil?
A series of refining steps including distillation, vacuum distillation, solvent extraction, hydrotreating, dewaxing.
How can the yield of lubricating oil from crude oil be increased?
Through cracking
What does cracking mean?
A catalytic process in which high molecular weight molecules are cracked into smaller molecules.
Name three cracking processes.
Hydrocracking
Thermal cracking
Steam cracking
What is distillation?
Distillation is a heat dependent process used to purify or separate a fraction of a complex mixture through their differences in boiling point.
Name four specifications commonly used for base stock?
High saturates content which gives it good oxidation resistance
High viscosity index
Volatility
Sulfur content
What are two characteristics of paraffinic stock that makes it a preferred base stock for most lubricant applications?
High saturates content which gives it good oxidation resistance
High viscosity index
Good lubricity
What are synthetic base oils?
Man made base stocks made up of chemical elements selected for the properties imparted to the finished synthetic base stock.
Lubricants are primarily composed of what?
Hydrocarbon (or synthetic) base stock
Additives
List 10 additives.
Anti-wear EP Anti-foam
Rust inhibitor Oxidation inhibitor Pour depressant
Viscosity index improver Friction modifier Seal swell
Dye Detergent Dispersant
Tackifier Solids Emulsifier
Demulsifier Fatty additives
What additive reduces thinning of an oil at high temperatures?
Viscosity index improver
If a lubricating oil has a VI of 95, it is probably made with which type of base stock?
Paraffinic
