LU3: Hard ware of neurons Flashcards
Cells that receive, integrate and transmit information can be defined as?
neurons
In the human nervous system, the vast majority of cells are ______, neurons that communicate with one another
interneurons
What are neurons that receive signals from outside the CNS called?
sensory neurons
What are the neurons that carry messages from the central nervous system to the muscles that move the body
motor neurons
what part of the cell contains the cell nucleus and much of the chemical machinery common to most cells.
soma/cell body
parts of a neuron that specialize to receive information and are individual branches
dendrites
long fibre that specializes in transmitting information to other neurons or muscles and glands
axon
axons are wrapped in cells in a high concentration of white, fatty substance called _____ ?
myelin
what does the myelin sheath do
it acts as an insulating material and aids in accelerating the transmission of signals that move along axons.
what happens if an axons myelin sheath begins to deteriorate ?
its ability to conduct signals becomes less effective
what diaese afects the myelin sheaths
multiple sclerosis, degeneration of myelin it leads to interruption of signals that affects movement.
what are terminal boutons or buttons
small knobs that secrete chemicals called neurotransmitters
what is a synapse
a junction or gap where information is transmitted from one neuron to another
what are Gila
cells found throughout the nervous system that provide various kinds of support for neurons
what 6 supportive functions do Gila provide
- provide cells nutrients
- insulation
- removal of waste products
- make up part of the myelin sheath
- play a role in sending and receiving chemical signals
- some types can detect neural impulses and send to other gilal cells.
