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Respiratory System - exam style qs > LTRI - Pneumonia > Flashcards

LTRI - Pneumonia Flashcards

1
Q

In what 3 ways can you classify pneumonia?

A

Anatomical
Aeotiological
Microbiological

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2
Q

What is pneumonia?

A

Infection of the lung

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3
Q

What are the 6 aetiological classifications of pneumonia?

A 
Community acquired
Hospital acquired (nosocomial)
Pneumonia in the immunocompromised
Atypical
Aspiration
Recurrent
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4
Q

What are the 6 patterns of pneumonia?

A

Bronchopneumonia
Segmental
Lobar

Hypostatic
Aspiration
Obstructive, retention, endogenous lipid

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5
Q

Possible complications?

A

Septicaemia, acute kidney injury, empyema, lung abscess, bronchiectasis, haemolytic anaemia, ARDS, organisation, death

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6
Q

Most common causative organism?

A

Streptococcus pneumonia

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7
Q

3 next common organisms

A

Haemophilus influenza
Legionella
Staph aureus

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8
Q

Atypical organisms?

A

Mycoplasma, Chlamydia, Coxiella

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9
Q

Symptoms

A 
Malaise
Fever
Pleuritic chest pain
Cough
Purulent (rusty) sputum
Dyspnoea
Headache
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10
Q

Signs?

A 
Pyrexia
Tachpnoea
Central cyanosis
Dullness of percussion of affected lobe
Bronchial breath sounds
Inspiratory crepitations
Increased vocal resonance
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11
Q

Investigations

A 
Serum biochemistry and full blood count
Chest x-ray
Blood cultures
Throat swab
Urine sample
Sputum microscopy and culture
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12
Q

What does the severity scoring system involving CURB 65 stand for?

A 
C - confusion
U - blood urea>7
R - respiratory rate>30
B - diastolic blood pressure<60
65 - over 65 years old
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13
Q

What is the antibiotic treatment if CURB 65 score is 0-1?

A

amoxicillin or clarithromycin/ doxacyline

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14
Q

What is the antibiotic treatment if CURB 65 score is 2?

A

amoxicillin and clarithromycin/ lexofloxacin

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15
Q

What is the antibiotic treatment if CURB 65 score is 3-5?

A

Co-amoxiclav and clarithromycin/lexofloxacin

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16
Q

What supportive therapy may be used alongside antibiotics?

A

oxygen
IV fluids
CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure)
intubation and ventilation

17
Q

Differential diagnosis?

A 
Tuberculosis
Lung cancer
Pulmonary embolism
Cardiac failure
Pulmonary vasculitis
18
Q

What causes local bronchial obstruction giving recurrent pneumonia?

A

tumour, foreign body

19
Q

What causes local pulmonary disease giving recurrent pneumonia?

A

bronchiectasis

20
Q

What causes generalised lung disease giving recurrent pneumonia?

A

Cystic fibrosis

COPD

21
Q

What non-respiratory disease causes recurrent pneumonia?

A

HIV

Aspiration

Respiratory System - exam style qs (13 decks)

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