ltm ao1

Question 1

tulving 1985

Answer 1

• one of first psychologists to recognise that the msm account of the ltm was to simplistic and inflexiblle
• proposed = ltm made up of multiple stores for diff types of info , semantic, eposodic , procedural memory
• proposed each type of memory was diatonic from others, and used diff areas of the brain

Question 2

what were the 3 types that he proposed

Answer 2

semantic
episodic
procedural

Question 3

what is episodic memory

Answer 3

-long term store of personal events
-e.g memories of when the event occurred and people, objects places and behaviours involved
-time staped
-requires conscious effort to be recalled

Question 4

what is semantic memory

Answer 4

• long term store of our knowledge of the world
• e.g facts and our knowledge of words and concepts mean

-not time stamped
-less vulnerable to distortion and forgetting

Question 5

what is procedural memory

Answer 5

• long term store for our knowledge in how to do things
  -e.g memory of learned skills

-not time stamped
-can be hard to explain to to others

Question 6

strength of the episodic memory, case study

Answer 6

p- case study evidence

e- e.g case studies of amensia e.g HM and Clive wearing , shows difficulty recalling past events ( eposodic) but semantic memory ( knowledge) stilll intact

e- .e g HM couldn’t rmb stroking a dog recently but remembers the concept of a ‘ dog’

l- shows diff memory stores in ltm and how one can be damaged (ep) while other still intact ( semantic )

Question 7

limitation on ltm, conflicting research

Answer 7

p- conflicting research on which areas of the brain are linked to diff types of ltm

e- buckner and Peterson , said = semantic = left prefrontal cortex while episodic = right prefrontal cortex

e- other research= left side = encoding episodic memories, right side = retrieving them

l-no clear agreement = neuropsychological evidence is confused