LT#5: Strong Acid/Bases

Question 1

Define an Arrhenius Acid

Answer 1

Produces hydrogen ions (H1+) when it dissolves in water.

Question 2

Define an Arrhenius Base

Answer 2

Produces hydroxide ions (OH1-) when it dissolves in water.

Question 3

What are the steps for writing an Ionization Equation?

Answer 3

Break the compound into its separate ions making sure to include proper charges, aq states, and then balance.

Polyprotic acids (contains more than 1 hydrogen) usually only produce one H1+.

Question 4

Arrhenius described acid-base neutralization reactions as…

Answer 4

hydrogen and hydroxide ions combining to form water (Acid + Base = Salt + Water).

Question 5

Define the term Strong in reference to equilibria

Answer 5

Chemical dissociates close to 100%, meaning that the forward reaction goes to completion, and the reverse reaction rarely occurs, making the value of K extremely large.

Question 6

Define the term Weak in reference to equilibria

Answer 6

Compound that only partially dissociates leaving some reactants remaining. This means that the forward and reverse reaction both occur, K will be small.

Question 7

What theory/calculation do you use with Strong Acids/Bases?

Answer 7

Arrhenius. Write an ionization equation and use mole ratios to determine ion concentrations.

Question 8

How do you identify Strong Binary Acids?

Answer 8

Hydrogen bonded to a halogen (excluding F) is considered strong.

Strength increases the further down the halogen is in the periodic table.

Question 9

How do you identify Strong Oxyacids Acids?

Answer 9

The number of oxygens exceeds, by two or more, the number of hydrogens that can be dissociated is considered strong.

Strength increases with more oxygens.

Question 10

How do you identify Strong Bases?

Answer 10

All oxides and hydroxides of group 1 and 2 metals (excluding Be) are strong bases.