LT#2: Atomic Structure

Question 1

What will nitrogen do to become stable?

What charge will it have?

Will it be a Cation or Anion?

Answer 1

Gain 3 electrons

3-

Anion

Question 2

How do you determine the number of neutrons

Answer 2

Mass number - Atomic number

Question 2

What will rubidium do to become stable?

What charge will it have?

Will it be a Cation or Anion?

Answer 2

Lose 1 electron

1+

Cation

Question 2

Looking at the periodic table, how do you quickly determine the number of valence electrons an atom has?

Answer 2

Group number (take second digit if more than one)

Question 3

Describe protons

Answer 3

In nucleus

Positively charged

Mass of 1 u

Question 5

Describe electrons

Answer 5

Orbit nucleus

Negatively charged

Mass of 0 u

Question 6

Describe neutrons

Answer 6

In nucleus

Neutral charge

Mass of 1 u

Question 8

How many protons, neutrons and electrons does a Cl atom have?

Answer 8

17 protons, 18 neutrons and 17 electrons

Question 9

What will sulphur do to become stable?

What charge will it have?

Will it be a Cation or Anion?

Answer 9

Gain 2 electrons

2-

Anion

Question 10

How do you determine the number of electrons

Answer 10

Atomic number

Question 10

How many dots would there be on a Lewis diagram of P

Answer 10

5

Question 11

Define Group

Answer 11

A column on the periodic table.

Question 13

A Lewis diagram of an atom shows…

Answer 13

The element’s symbol, and represents the valence electrons as dots spread out on 4 sides

Question 14

How many protons, neutrons and electrons does a Ti²⁺ ion have?

Answer 14

22 protons, 26 neutrons and 20 electrons

Question 14

How many protons, neutrons and electrons does a N^3- ion have?

Answer 14

7 protons, 7 neutrons and 10 electrons

Question 14

How many dots would there be on a Lewis diagram of I

Answer 14

7

Question 15

A Bohr diagram of an atom shows…

Answer 15

The number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus, and the number of electrons in each shell

Question 16

Looking at the periodic table, how do you quickly determine the number of electron shells an atom has?

Answer 16

Period Number

Question 16

Define Anion

Answer 16

Negatively charged ion

Question 17

How many protons, neutrons and electrons does a Li atom have?

Answer 17

3 protons, 4 neutrons and 3 electrons

Question 19

How many electrons fit in each shell?

Answer 19

2, 8, 8 ….

Question 21

What will chlorine do to become stable?

What charge will it have?

Will it be a Cation or Anion?

Answer 21

Gain 1 electron

1-

Anion

Question 22

Define Ion

Answer 22

Atoms that have gained or lost electrons to become stable

Question 23

Define Period

Answer 23

Row on the periodic table.

Question 25

Define Cation

Answer 25

Positively charged ion

Question 26

How many dots would there be on a Lewis diagram of Si

Answer 26

4

Question 27

What will calcium do to become stable?

What charge will it have?

Will it be a Cation or Anion?

Answer 27

Lose 2 electrons

2+

Cation

Question 28

How do you determine the number of protons

Answer 28

Atomic number