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lsb235 Flashcards

1
Q

what makes up the bony pelvis?

A

left and right os coxa, sacrum, sacroiliac joint, symphysis pubis

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2
Q

pelvic inlet

A

superior opening of true pelvis

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3
Q

pelvic brim

A

boundary of pelvic inlet/superior pelvic aperture; sacral promontory, lateral part of sacrum, arcuate line, pectin pubis and pubic crest and superior margin of pubic symphysis

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4
Q

true pelvis

A

pelvic region below pelvic brim

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5
Q

parts of hip bone

A

ilium, ischium, pubis; joined by triradiate cartilage in young individuals

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6
Q

standard anatomical position of bony pelvis

A
  1. symphyseal surface is parallel to the midsagittal plane
  2. acetabular notch downwards
  3. internal surfaces of pubis facing superoposteriorly
  4. pubic tubercle and ASIS in same coronal plane
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7
Q

sexual dimorphism (5)

A
  1. shape of pelvic inlet: heart-shaped (males); elliptical (females)
  2. subpubic angle: acute (males); obtuse (females)
  3. greater sciatic notch: J, narrow (males); L, wide (females)
  4. acetabulum (directed): laterally (males); anterolaterally (females)
  5. curvature of sacrum: uniform (males); sharper below pelvic surface (females)
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8
Q

parts of ilium

A

body, ala/wing

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9
Q

features of os coxa that the ilium contributes to

A
  1. acetabulum (2/5)
  2. greater sciatic notch
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10
Q

bony features of ilium

A
  1. crest - inner/outer lip, tubercle, intermediate area
  2. spine (4) - able to palpate PSIS and ASIS
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11
Q

surfaces of ilium and features

A
  1. gluteal surface
    • gluteal lines from GSN (ant, post, inf)
  2. internal surface
    • iliac fossa
    • sacropelvic surface (iliac tuberosity, auricular surface, pelvic surface - arcuate line, auricular surface, most of GSN)
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12
Q

parts of ischium

A

body, single ramus

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13
Q

parts of os coxa that the ischium contributes to

A
  1. acetabulum (2/5)
  2. obturator foramen
  3. lesser sciatic notch
  4. greater sciatic notch
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14
Q

features of ischium

A
  1. greater sciatic notch (inferior border)
  2. ischial spine
  3. lesser sciatic notch
  4. ischial tuberosity (transverse ridge, superior oblique line, irregular vertical ridge)
  5. ramus
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15
Q

surfaces of the ischium and its features

A
  1. dorsal surface
    - continuous with iliac gluteal surface
    - ischial tuberosity on the inferior part
  2. femoral surface
    - faces inferiorly
    - bounded by acetabulum, ischial tuberosity, obturator foramen
  3. pelvic surface
    - internal, smooth
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16
Q

parts of pubis

A

body, sup. and inf. ramus

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17
Q

surfaces and features of pubis

A
  1. anterior surface
    - faces anteriorly , inferiorly
  2. pelvic surface
    - faces superiorly, posteriorly
  3. symphyseal surface
    - medially located
    - flatter with increasing age
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18
Q

parts of the os coxa the pubis contributes to

A

acetabulum, obturator foramen

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19
Q

bony features of pubis

A
  1. crest - superior external border
  2. tubercle - from crest, medial end of inguinal lig. attaches
  3. superior pubic ramus - iliopubic eminence, 1/5 of acetabulum, obturator crest (ant. border of SPR), pectin pubis (arcuate line to pubic crest), inferior border
  4. inferior pubic ramus - conjoint ramus
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20
Q

median part of sacrum

A
  • fusion of bodies, vertebral arches and (5) spinous processes
  • includes sacral foramina
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21
Q

ala of sacrum

A
  • fusion of transverse processes
  • incl. 2 auricular surfaces -> articulates w auricular surface of ilium to form sacroiliac joint (plane synovial)
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22
Q

base of sacrum

A

sacral promontory, superior opening of sacral canal, upper surfaces of ala, 2 articular processes for L5

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23
Q

features of head of femur

A

fovea - for ligament teres (not covered by articular cartilage)

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24
Q

angle of femoral torsion

A

angle formed by the longitudinal axis of neck and coronal plane of femoral condyles; 10-15 deg, not much sexual dimorphism, decreases during childhood

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25
Q

angle of inclination

A

angle formed between longitudinal axis of neck and longitudinal axis of shaft; coxa vara - decrease, coxa valga - increase, avr 125 deg, decreases w age

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26
Q

origin of gluteus maximus

A
  1. posterior gluteal line and roughened area posterior to it
  2. iliac crest
  3. posterior surfaces of lower part of sacrum and side of coccyx
  4. sacrotuberous ligament
  5. gluteal aponeurosis
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27
Q

insertion of gluteus maximus

A
  1. iliotibial tract
  2. gluteal tuberosity of femur
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28
Q

actions of gluteus maximus

A
  1. extension of hip joint
  2. lateral rotation of hip joint
  3. abductor
  4. tighten iliotibial tract
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29
Q

innervation of gluteus maximus

A

inferior gluteal nerve

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30
Q

origin of gluteus medius

A
  1. gluteal surface of ilium bordered by posterior and anterior gluteal lines and iliac crest
  2. gluteal aponeurosis
31
Q

insertion of gluteus medius

A

lateral surface of greater trochanter

32
Q

action of gluteus medius

A
  1. major abductor
  2. lateral rotator of hip joint
33
Q

innervation of gluteus medius

A

superior gluteal nerv

34
Q

origin of gluteus minimis

A

gluteal surface of ilium bordered by anterior and inferior gluteal lines

35
Q

insertion of gluteus minimis

A

anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur

36
Q

actions of gluteus minimus

A
  1. abductor of hip joint
  2. medial rotator of hip
37
Q

innervation of gluteus minimus

A

superior gluteal nerve

38
Q

origin of piriformis

A

anterior surface of sacrum between anterior sacral foramina

39
Q

insertion of piriformis

A

medial side of superior border of greater trochanter

40
Q

actions of piriformis

A
  1. lateral rotator of extended hip joint
  2. abductor of flexed hip joint
41
Q

innervation of piriformis

A

superior gluteal nerve

42
Q

origin of obturator internus

A
  1. pelvic surface of obturator membrane
  2. margins of obturator foramen
  3. pelvic surface of ilium
43
Q

insertion of obturator internus

A

medial surface of greater trochanter just superior to trochanteric fossa

44
Q

actions of obturator internus

A
  1. lateral rotator of hip joint
  2. abductor of flexed hip joint
45
Q

innervation of obturator internus

A

nerve to obturator internus

46
Q

origin of superior gemellus

A

external surface of ischial spine

47
Q

insertion of superior gemellus

A

medial surface of greater trochanter just superior to trochanteric fossa

48
Q

actions of superior gemellus

A
  1. lateral rotator of hip joint
    2.abductor of flexed hip joint
49
Q

innervation of superior gemellus

A

nerve to obturator internus

50
Q

origin of inferior gemellus

A

superior surface of ischial tuberosity

51
Q

insertion of inferior gemellus

A

medial surface of greater trochanter just superior to trochanteric fossa

52
Q

action of inferior gemellus

A
  1. lateral rotator of hip joint
  2. abductor of flexed hip joint
53
Q

innervation of inferior gemellus

A

nerve to quadratus femoris

54
Q

origin of quadratus femoris

A

lateral surface of body of ischium anterior to tuberosity

55
Q

insertion of quadratus femoris

A

quadrate tubercle of femur and vertical region inferior

56
Q

action of quadratus femoris

A
  1. lateral rotator
  2. adductor of hip joint
57
Q

innervation of quadratus femoris

A

nerve to quadratus femoris

58
Q

origin of obturator externus

A

1.external surface of obturator membrane
2. external margins of obturator foramen

59
Q

insertion of obturator externus

A

trochanteric fossa of femur

60
Q

action of obturator externus

A

lateral rotator of hip joint

61
Q

innervation of obturator externus

A

obturator nerve

62
Q

origin of psoas major

A

bodies and transverse processes of T12-L5 and their intervertebral discs

63
Q

insertion of psoas major

A

lesser trochanter of femur

64
Q

action of psoas major

A

flexor and lateral rotator of hip joint; prime mover, antagonist of gluteus maximus

65
Q

innervation of psoas major

A

direct nerve fibres from the anterior rami of L1, L2 and L3

66
Q

origin of iliacus

A

iliac fossa

67
Q

insertion of iliacus

A

lesser trochanter of femu

68
Q

action of iliacus

A

flexor and lateral rotator of hip joint; prime mover, antagonist of gluteus maximus

69
Q

innervation of iliacus

A

branches of the femoral nerve

70
Q

origin of tensor fascia latae

A

iliac crest between ASIS and tubercle

71
Q

insertion of tensor fascia latae

A

IT tract of fascia latae

72
Q

action of tensor fascia latae

A

stabilises the knee in extension

73
Q

innervation of tensor fascia latae

A

superior gluteal nerve

187 (2 decks)

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