LS8 - Humanistic Approach

Question 1

Free Will

Answer 1

Humanistic approach suggests we have free will unlike other approaches, meaning we aren’t influenced by anything, we are active agent that can determine our own development. Therefore, it rejects scientific models as they look at general laws as opposted to individual experience.

Question 2

Maslow’s Hierachy Of Needs

Answer 2

Argues human needs exist in a hierachy with basic needs at the bottom and higher order needs at the top. in order to move up, each need must be met.

Question 3

Hierachy

Answer 3

Physiological Needs
Safety Needs
Love & Belonging Needs
Esteem Needs
Self Actualisation

Question 4

Physiological Needs

Answer 4

At the base, and those requires for human survival e.g. food, water and sleep. If these aren’t met it’s unlikly someone can progress through the hierachy.

Question 5

Safety Needs

Answer 5

2nd from base, and inlcuddes physical safety from environmental disasters but also psychological safety.

Question 6

Love & Belongingness

Answer 6

3rd from base, and the form of acceptance from family, friends or partners.

Question 7

Esteem Needs

Answer 7

THe need to feel good about yourself and to establish a sense of achievement wherever you are.

Question 8

Self-Actualisation

Answer 8

Final need and is the desire for personal fulfilmment which can be achieved in ways personal to someone. It’s rarea and providwes true self-awareness and lets someone live without fear or inhibitions. Very few people achieve this as it requires you to think outside the box.

Question 9

Deficiency Needs

Answer 9

Refers to the first 4 needs in the hierachy, and Maslow suggested if these aren’t met it’ll feel like something is missing in life.

Question 10

Rogers

Answer 10

Argued for personal growth an individual’s concept of self must be in congruence with their ideal self, too big of a gap means someone will experience incongruence and not achieve self-actualisation.

Question 11

Self

Answer 11

How you perceive yourself is based on how much worth you think you have.

Question 12

Conditions Of Worth

Answer 12

When others impose conditions on individulas in what to do or how to behave in order to be loved/accepted.

Question 13

Cleint Centred Therapy

Answer 13

A non-directive therapy that helps someone find a solution for themselves, it helps close the gap between your current self and ideal dsef, recognising your psychological limits/strengths and creating a balance. It helps take positive steps and gains a deeper understanding in solving issues and achieving self-actualisation.

Question 14

Role Of The Therapist

Answer 14

To provide unconditional positive regard to the client through acceptance as when the client feels supported conditions of worth will dissipitate.

Question 15

Aim Of The Therapist

Answer 15

To enter the client’s world and empathisise and then remove conditions of worth through unconditional positive regard.

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Question 16

Humanistic Approach Strengths

Answer 16

Holistic
Personal Development
Conditions Of Worth Research Support

Question 17

Humanistic Approach Weaknesses

Answer 17

Untestable Concepts
Limited Application
Cultural Bias

Question 18

Holistic (+)

Answer 18

It’s not reductionist as it suggests subjective experiences can only be understood through understanding a whole person, mnaking it more valid as it looks at real life context.

Question 19

Personal Development (+)

Answer 19

Humanisitic approach allows for personal development and change as we go through other environments unlike the psychodynamic approach which suggets childhood experiences lead to destiny.

Question 20

Conditions Of Self Worth Research Support (+)

Answer 20

Teenagers who feel they have to fulfill certain conditions to gain their parents approval often end up not liking themselves, imposing low conditions of worth and low self esteem. Also, people with conditions of worth at childhood were also more likely to develop depression and lose touch with their ownself.

Question 21

Untestable Concepts (-)

Answer 21

The humanistic approach contains abtract ideas that are difficult to test, ideas like ‘congruence’ and ‘self-actualisation’ will be difficult to test under experimental conditions.

Question 22

Limited Application (-)

Answer 22

Has little real world application, Rogerian therapy has helped counselling techniques and the hierachy of needs have been used to explain motivation however given it’s a loose set of abstract concepts and has no scienitifc evidence, the humanistic approach has had a limited impact.

Question 23

Cultural Bias (-)

Answer 23

Goals like personal growth and individual freedom are associated with individualistic cultures whereas collectivist cultures rely on communities and interdependance meaning it’s difficult to identify with self-actualisation.

Question 24

Cultural Bias (-)

Answer 24

Goals like personal growth and individual freedom are associated with individualistic cultures whereas collectivist cultures rely on communities and interdependance meaning it’s difficult to identify with self-actualisation.