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Orgchem > LQ1 Key Concepts > Flashcards

LQ1 Key Concepts Flashcards

1
Q

All organic compounds contain carbon atoms and most contain hydrogen atoms

A

True

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2
Q

All the carbon atoms have four bonds. A stable carbon atom is said to be

A

Tetravalent

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3
Q

Any atom that is not carbon or hydrogen is called

A

Heteroatom

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4
Q

Common heteroatoms include

A

N, O, S, P and halogens

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5
Q

Most of the mass of the atom is contained in the

A

nucleus

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6
Q

Positively charged and has fewer electrons than protons

A

Cation

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7
Q

Negatively charged has more electrons than protons

A

Anion

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8
Q

It is lower energy than other orbitals of the same shell, because electrons are kept closer to the positively charged nucleus

A

s orbital

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9
Q

It contains a node of electron density at the nucleus

A

P orbital

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10
Q

Result from the transfer of electrons from one element to another

A

Ionic Bonds

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11
Q

Result from the sharing of electrons between two nuclei

A

Covalent bonds

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12
Q

The transfer of electrons from stable salts composed of

A

Cations and Anions

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13
Q

Different molecules having the same molecular formula

A

Isomers

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14
Q

Two lewis structure having the same placement of atoms but a different arrangement of electrons

A

Resonance

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15
Q

A molecule with two or more resonance structures is said to be

A

Resonance stabilized

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16
Q

They are not in equilibrium with each other. There is no movement of electrons from one form to another

A

Resonance structure

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17
Q

Resonance structure differ only int the

A

arrangement of electrons

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18
Q

A conventions that shows how electron position differs between the two resonance forms

A

Curved arrow notation

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19
Q

The electron pairs drawn in different locations in individual resonance structures are

A

Delocalized

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20
Q

It is more stable than any resonance structure because it delocalize electron density over a larger volume

A

Resonance hybrid

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21
Q

A better resonance structure is one that has

A

more bonds and fewer charges

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22
Q

An atoms ability to attract electrons that are shared in a chemical bond

A

electronegativity

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23
Q

Bond length decreases across a row of periodic table as the size of the atom

A

decreases

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24
Q

Bond length increases down a column of the periodic table as the size of the atom

A

increases

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25
Q

All carbons in stable molecules are

A

Tetravalent

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26
Q

All of the atoms are drawn in, but the two-electron bond lines area generally omitted

A

Condensed structure

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27
Q

Atoms are usually drawn next to the atoms to which they are bonded

A

Condensed structure

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28
Q

Parenthesis are used around similar groups bonded to the same atom

A

Condensed structure

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29
Q

Lone pairs are omitted

A

Condensed structure

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30
Q

This concentrates electron density on the axis that joins two nuclei. All single bonds are

A

sigma bonds

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31
Q

The lowest energy arrangement for an atom is called

A

Ground state

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32
Q

The combination of two or more atomic orbitals to form the same number of hybrid orbitals, having the same shape and energy

A

Hybridization

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33
Q

Why there is no free rotation in ethylene

A

It will break the overlap in pi bonds

34
Q

Bond in ethylene is restricted

A

True

35
Q

C double bond in ethylene will break the pi bond if it will rotated

A

True

36
Q

Why there is no free rotation in c double of ethylene

A

It will break the pi bonds

37
Q

Used for organic compounds containing both rings and chains of atoms

A

Skeletal Structures

38
Q

If the other one is static, and the other is clockwise. It will not break any bonds

A

Free bond rotation

39
Q

Why should the percent s-character of a hybrid orbital affect the length of a C-H bond?

A

A 2s orbital keeps electron density closer to a nucleus compares to a 2p orbital. As the percent s-character increases. a hybrid orbital holds its electrons closer to the nucleus, and the bond becomes shorter and stronger

40
Q

All single bonds are sigma

A

True

41
Q

All multiple bonds are 1 sigma and the rest is pi bonds

A

True

42
Q

It is the head on overlap of orbitals

A

sigma

43
Q

It is side to side overlap

A

pi bond

44
Q

Result from the transfer of electrons from one element to another

A

Ionic bonds

45
Q

sharing of electrons between two nuclei

A

covalent bonds

46
Q

These are constitutional isomers since they have the same molecular formula but the connectivity of their atoms is different

A

Ethanol and dimethyl

47
Q

It has same molecular formula and different arrangement of atoms

A

isomers

48
Q

It has some arrangement of atoms and a different arrangement of electrons

A

Resonance structures

49
Q

Sa resonance pag nilagyan mo ng dots

A

negative

50
Q

Pag natanggalan ng bond

A

positive

51
Q

It is a measure of an atom’s attraction for electrons in a bond

A

Electronegativity

52
Q

Electronegativity increases across a row of the periodic table as the

A

nuclear charge increases (excluding the noble gases)

53
Q

Electronegativity decreases down a column of the periodic table as the

A

atomic radius increases, pushing the valence electrons father from the nucleus

54
Q

The upper right hand corner is the

A

most electronegative elements

55
Q

lower left hand corner is the

A

least electronegative

56
Q

The electrons are equally shared

A

bond is non polar

57
Q

Partial separation of charge

A

dipole

58
Q

carbon-carbon is a

A

nonpolar

59
Q

C-Hare considered

A

nonpolar

60
Q

Whenever two different atoms having similar electronegativities are bonded together, the bond is

A

nonpolar

61
Q

Bonding between atoms of different electronegativity values results in unequal sharing of electrons

A

Polar bond

62
Q

Lower charge

A

positive delta

63
Q

This symbol indicated atom is electron deficient

A

partial positive

64
Q

This symbol indicated atom is electron rich

A

partial negative

65
Q

bond polarity is not equal to

A

bond of molecules

66
Q

What color is higher electron density

A

orange

67
Q

What color is lower electron density

A

blue

68
Q

Polar molecule has net dipole

A

true

69
Q

Alkynes is the _____ basic

A

least basic

70
Q

Alkene is the _____ basic

A

2nd to the least basic

71
Q

Alkane is the ____ basic

A

Most basic

72
Q

Made up of same atoms

A

Homoatomic

73
Q

FON

A

Hydrogen bonding

74
Q

with lone pair

A

Polar molecule

75
Q

without lone pair

A

non polar molecule

76
Q

Polar molecule is

A

vander waals, dipole dipole dispersion

77
Q

non polar

A

van der waals

78
Q

Its atoms are not the same

A

heteroatomic

79
Q

Its atom are the same

A

homoatomic

80
Q

A reactant that donate a pair of electrons to form a covalent bond is

A

Nucleophile

81
Q
A

Orgchem (10 decks)

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