LP4 Risk Factors

Question 1

what increases the probability of the occurrence of a disease?

Answer 1

a risk factor

Question 2

why use a caries risk assessment with your patients?

Answer 2

1. info gathered can be a great way to individualize the patients education
2. used as a tool to educate patients about oral conditions/issues in general and make them aware of own specific conditions
3. create opportunity to address how caries are developed and transmitted
4. track recommendations/modifications
5. used to associate the patients current habits or behaviors to their caries status: its that direct link between behavior and existing caries
6. can be a source of reward for behavior modification, recognition of the positive changes will support continued improvement

Question 3

4 risk factors that contribute to caries and examples

Answer 3

1. habits: sucking on a lemon drop after every meal
2. behaviors: brushing daily with a hard tooth brush and baking soda
3. lifestyles: how the patient lives
4. conditions and situations: homeless, or no hygiene products

Question 4

what are some components of social history?

Answer 4

gender, age, education level, family history, stress level, employment status

Question 5

what are some components of medical history

Answer 5

medications, health status, health conditions, salivary flow, physical or emotional concerns, history of drug use,

Question 6

components of fluoride use

Answer 6

water, rinses, dentifrices, amount/frequency of exposure

Question 7

components of dietary habits

Answer 7

what, when, where do they eat, frequency and amount of sugar items and detergent food items, diet status, and knowledge

Question 8

components of biofilm control

Answer 8

PCR scores, current home care practices

Question 9

components of clinical and oral findings

Answer 9

IEOE, PA, X-rays, Dental Charting

Question 10

characteristics of low caries risk level

Answer 10

• no new incipient caries
• regular dental visits
• good oral hygiene
• few restorations
• low PCR score
• good dexterity
• fluoride exposure

Question 11

characteristics of moderate, high and extreme caries risk level

Answer 11

• history of numerous or severe cavities
• deep pits and fissures
• decreased salivary flow
• poor oral hygiene
• inadequate fluoride exposure
• irregular dental visits
• medically compromised
• xerostomia
• poor diet
• dental appliances
• multiple restorations
• uses tobacco
• family history generally poor

Question 12

what is a dental index

Answer 12

assessment tool in numeric value

Question 13

what is a DMFT

Answer 13

irreversible index used to measure past and present caries experience of a population with permanent teeth

Question 14

great for ____ term and _____ studies

Answer 14

short term

longitudinal studies

Question 15

what does DMFT stand for?

Answer 15

decayed, missing, and filled teeth

Question 16

“D” components

Answer 16

• decayed
• indicated active caries
• represents: treatment needs

Question 17

“M” components

Answer 17

• missing
• indicated that a tooth is no longer in the mouth as a result of caries
• represents:prosthetic needs such as bridge, implant or denture

Question 18

“F” components

Answer 18

• filled
• indicated that caries occured but now arrested
• represents: level of success of therapeutic program such as amalgam or composite/crown

Question 19

“T” components

Answer 19

• teeth

- permanent dentition

Question 20

how many teeth is the DMFT based on?

Answer 20

28 teeth

Question 21

if a tooth has a restoration on it already but also has decay, where does it get recorded as?

Answer 21

in the decay column

Question 22

to have existence of caries you must have one:

Answer 22

• lesion is clinically visible
• explorer can penetrate into soft material
• discoloration or loss of enamel
• explorer tip in a pit/fissure resists removal after moderate to firm pressure on insertion

Question 23

what are some limitations to DMFT

Answer 23

• values aren’t related to the number of teeth at risk
• can be misleading in children whose teeth have been lost due to orthodontia
• can overestimate caries experience in teeth which “preventative” fillings have been placed
• is of little use in studies of root caries
• cannot account for sealed teeth

Question 24

what teeth are not counted when calculating DMFT

Answer 24

• 3rd molars
• non erupted teeth
• congenitally missing and supernumerary teeth
• teeth removed for reasons other than dental caries
• primary teeth retained with the permanent successor present

Question 25

what is the formula for the DMFT survey?

Answer 25

Decayed= ______ / DMFT total ____=_____% decayed
Missing = “ “
Filled= “ “
DMFT total______

Question 26

define cambra

Answer 26

caries management by risk assessment
-protocol used to determine an adult patients caries risk level and the possible recommended interventions to address those risk factors

Question 27

define DH diagnosis

Answer 27

identification of an existing or potential oral health problem that a dental hygienist is qualified and licensed to treat

Question 28

define DH prognosis

Answer 28

judgement regarding the results expected to be achieved from oral treatment provided by a dental hygienist

Question 29

define modifiable risk factor

Answer 29

a determinant that can be modified by intervention, thereby reducing probability of disease