LP3 Sealants Flashcards
who developed sealants and in what year?
buoncore in 1967
what is a sealant?
an organic polymer resin that flows into the pit/fissure and bonds to the enamel surface
a sealant is a mechanical _____
retention
what does a sealant reduce?
reduces the incidence of occlusal caries
what percentage of caries are on the occlusal surface?
85-90%
what are some purposes of sealants?
- provide a physical barrier to seal off pit or fissure
- prevent oral bacteria from collecting in the pit/fissure which creates the acid environment needed to begin the caries process
- fill pit/fissure as deep as possible with the protective material
what are some characteristics of the “ideal” sealant
- achieves prolong bonding to enamel
- bicompatible with oral tissues
- simple to apply
- free-flowing, low viscosity material capable of entering narrow fissures
- low soluability in the oral environment
what are the 3 ways to classify sealants?
- Classification of method: how its placed
- Classification of filter content: what it is made of
- Classification by color: no difference in material, used for identification/location of sealant
what are the two possible methods of how a sealant is placed?
- autopolymerized (self-cured) base and catalyst
2. photopolymerized (light-cured) one material
advantage and disadvantage of autopolymerized sealant
adv: no special equipment is needed
dis: short working time
advantage and disadvantage of photopolymerized sealant
adv: longer working time
dis: equipment is costly
3 examples of filter content
- filled
- unfilled
- fluoride-releasing
3 examples of color
- clear
- tinted
- opaque
what are some indications for sealant placement
- any patients with risk of dental caries
- xerostomia
- patients with ortho
- incipient caries
- newly erupted teeth
- teeth with occlusal contour
- caries (past/present)
contradictions of sealant placement
- radiographic evidence of interproximal caries
- few pit/fissures; smooth occlusal surface
- low caries risk
T/F: you can place a sealant without prescription from DDS
False; must have prescription
first step of sealant placement
remove deposits and debris, permit maximum content of each sealant material
second step of sealant placement
rinse the tooth from any depost debri
3rd step of sealant placement
isolate tooth surface and keep mouth clean and dry from optimal bonding action, and eliminate possible contamination, keeping the materials from contacting oral tissue
4th step of sealant placement
dry the tooth surface to prepare for acid etch, eliminate moisture and contaminants
5th step of sealant placement
apply the acid etch and remove it
if the tooth is etched how will the tooth appear?
white and chalky
in what direction do you apply the sealant
from Mesial to distal because it naturally flows to the distal
what instrument is used to guide the material into the pits/fissures?
shepherd’s hook
when you apply the light, should the tooth be touched?
no, you should be 2-4 mm from the tooth
what are the 4 evaluations used to check the tooth
- check with shepherds hook
- use articulating paper for occlusion
- floss both mesial and distal surfaces
- ask patient how it feels
what are some causes of sealant failure?
contamination from saliva (#1 reason)
how often should the tooth be re-examined?
every 6 months
2 causes for decline in caries
- increase in fluoride exposure: supplements, and community water source
- increase in emphasis on improved proper oral hygiene
there has been a decline in what type of caries and an increase in what type of caries?
decline in smooth surface caries
increase in buccal pits of mandibular molars and lingual grooves of maxillary molars
what is the most common childhood disease ages 5-17 years old?
caries
does the caries risk increase with age?
yes
what two possible treatments are there?
professional and home care treatment
what are some home care treatment modalties
- fluoride through rinse/toothbrush
- fluoride supplements
- biofilm control through brushing, flossing, and adjuncts
define bonding
physical adherence of one substance to another
define carciogenic challenge
exposure of tooth surface to acid attack
define cariostatic
exherting an inhibitory action on the process of dental caries
define enamel hypocalcification
defect of enamel maturation caused by heredity or systemic irregularities
define fluorosis
form of enamel hypomineralization due to excessive ingestion of fluoride during the development of mineralization of the teeth
define subsurface lesion
demineralized area below the surface of the enamel created by acid that has passed through micropores between enamel rods
