LP3 Sealants Flashcards

1
Q

who developed sealants and in what year?

A

buoncore in 1967

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2
Q

what is a sealant?

A

an organic polymer resin that flows into the pit/fissure and bonds to the enamel surface

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3
Q

a sealant is a mechanical _____

A

retention

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4
Q

what does a sealant reduce?

A

reduces the incidence of occlusal caries

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5
Q

what percentage of caries are on the occlusal surface?

A

85-90%

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6
Q

what are some purposes of sealants?

A
  1. provide a physical barrier to seal off pit or fissure
  2. prevent oral bacteria from collecting in the pit/fissure which creates the acid environment needed to begin the caries process
  3. fill pit/fissure as deep as possible with the protective material
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7
Q

what are some characteristics of the “ideal” sealant

A
  1. achieves prolong bonding to enamel
  2. bicompatible with oral tissues
  3. simple to apply
  4. free-flowing, low viscosity material capable of entering narrow fissures
  5. low soluability in the oral environment
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8
Q

what are the 3 ways to classify sealants?

A
  1. Classification of method: how its placed
  2. Classification of filter content: what it is made of
  3. Classification by color: no difference in material, used for identification/location of sealant
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9
Q

what are the two possible methods of how a sealant is placed?

A
  1. autopolymerized (self-cured) base and catalyst

2. photopolymerized (light-cured) one material

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10
Q

advantage and disadvantage of autopolymerized sealant

A

adv: no special equipment is needed
dis: short working time

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11
Q

advantage and disadvantage of photopolymerized sealant

A

adv: longer working time
dis: equipment is costly

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12
Q

3 examples of filter content

A
  1. filled
  2. unfilled
  3. fluoride-releasing
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13
Q

3 examples of color

A
  1. clear
  2. tinted
  3. opaque
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14
Q

what are some indications for sealant placement

A
  1. any patients with risk of dental caries
  2. xerostomia
  3. patients with ortho
  4. incipient caries
  5. newly erupted teeth
  6. teeth with occlusal contour
  7. caries (past/present)
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15
Q

contradictions of sealant placement

A
  1. radiographic evidence of interproximal caries
  2. few pit/fissures; smooth occlusal surface
  3. low caries risk
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16
Q

T/F: you can place a sealant without prescription from DDS

A

False; must have prescription

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17
Q

first step of sealant placement

A

remove deposits and debris, permit maximum content of each sealant material

18
Q

second step of sealant placement

A

rinse the tooth from any depost debri

19
Q

3rd step of sealant placement

A

isolate tooth surface and keep mouth clean and dry from optimal bonding action, and eliminate possible contamination, keeping the materials from contacting oral tissue

20
Q

4th step of sealant placement

A

dry the tooth surface to prepare for acid etch, eliminate moisture and contaminants

21
Q

5th step of sealant placement

A

apply the acid etch and remove it

22
Q

if the tooth is etched how will the tooth appear?

A

white and chalky

23
Q

in what direction do you apply the sealant

A

from Mesial to distal because it naturally flows to the distal

24
Q

what instrument is used to guide the material into the pits/fissures?

A

shepherd’s hook

25
Q

when you apply the light, should the tooth be touched?

A

no, you should be 2-4 mm from the tooth

26
Q

what are the 4 evaluations used to check the tooth

A
  1. check with shepherds hook
  2. use articulating paper for occlusion
  3. floss both mesial and distal surfaces
  4. ask patient how it feels
27
Q

what are some causes of sealant failure?

A

contamination from saliva (#1 reason)

28
Q

how often should the tooth be re-examined?

A

every 6 months

29
Q

2 causes for decline in caries

A
  1. increase in fluoride exposure: supplements, and community water source
  2. increase in emphasis on improved proper oral hygiene
30
Q

there has been a decline in what type of caries and an increase in what type of caries?

A

decline in smooth surface caries

increase in buccal pits of mandibular molars and lingual grooves of maxillary molars

31
Q

what is the most common childhood disease ages 5-17 years old?

A

caries

32
Q

does the caries risk increase with age?

A

yes

33
Q

what two possible treatments are there?

A

professional and home care treatment

34
Q

what are some home care treatment modalties

A
  • fluoride through rinse/toothbrush
  • fluoride supplements
  • biofilm control through brushing, flossing, and adjuncts
35
Q

define bonding

A

physical adherence of one substance to another

36
Q

define carciogenic challenge

A

exposure of tooth surface to acid attack

37
Q

define cariostatic

A

exherting an inhibitory action on the process of dental caries

38
Q

define enamel hypocalcification

A

defect of enamel maturation caused by heredity or systemic irregularities

39
Q

define fluorosis

A

form of enamel hypomineralization due to excessive ingestion of fluoride during the development of mineralization of the teeth

40
Q

define subsurface lesion

A

demineralized area below the surface of the enamel created by acid that has passed through micropores between enamel rods