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Test 4 > Lp 30 > Flashcards

Lp 30 Flashcards

1
Q

-compex, private experience
-difficult to explain or describe
-physiological perspective: protective mechanism signalling danger

A

Pain

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2
Q

Pain has various aspects? (6)

A

-physiological
-psychological
-motivational
-cognitive
-social & cultural
-gender

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3
Q

Due to stimulation of nociceptors

A

Nociceptive pain

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4
Q

Due to injury to nerves (sensory disturbance)

A

Neuropathic pain

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5
Q

Pain is a separate sentry modality evoked by stimulation of specific receptors that transmit information to pin centres in the brain

A

Specificity theory

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6
Q

Pain receptors share receptors & pathways with other sensory modalities but different patterns of activity of the same neurons signal painful or non-painful stimuli
-gate control theory is a modification of specificity theory

A

Pattern theory

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7
Q

Theory proposes that the brain contains a neural network called?

A

Body-self neuromatrix

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8
Q

Integrates multiple sources of inputs that ultimately yields sensory, emotional & cognitive components of pain experience & behaviour

A

Neuromatrix

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9
Q

Sensitivity to pain is variable?

A

-one person to another
-one circumstance to another
-type & or location of affected tissue

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10
Q

Stimulation of nociceptive nerve endings can be due to?

A

-chemical changes
-hypoxia
-mechanical distortion

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11
Q

Irritation of nerve ending often results in hyperexcitability experienced in several ways?

A

-hypersthesia
-hyperalgesia

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12
Q

Suggested causes of hyperalgesia

A

-decreased threshold
-high intensity stimulation

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13
Q

Unlike other sensory receptors, nocicptors respond to several forms of stimulation?

A

-mechanical
-thermal
-chemical

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14
Q

Increased sensitivity to sensory stimuli (touch), unpleasant sensations (tingling)

A

Hyperesthesia

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15
Q

Increased sensitivity to pain

A

Hyperalgesia

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16
Q

Muscle (extramural fibres {EFF})

A

A-alpha (a)

17
Q

Tactile

A

A-beta (b)

18
Q

Muscle spindle (intrafusal fibres {IFF})

A

A-gamma (y)

19
Q

Tactile, pain

A

A-delta

20
Q

-altered pain sensation (reactions to otherwise non-noxious stimuli)
-hypersensitivity may be due to inflammation, or facilitation of nerve segments

A

Allodynia

21
Q

No sensation

A

Anesthesia

22
Q

No pain

A

Analgesia

23
Q

Reduced sensitivity

A

Hypoesthesia

24
Q

Reduced pain sensation

A

Hypoalgesia

25
Q

Increased pain sensitivity

A

Hyperalgesia

26
Q

Increased sensitivity

A

Hyperesthesia

27
Q

changes in sensory sensitivity

A

Paresthesia

28
Q

2 types of sensory neurons transmit pain signals to SC

A

-a nerve fibres
-c fibres

29
Q

-yell at Ed
-conduct “fast pain” (first pain)
-pain from mechanical or thermal stimuli
-transmit impulses at a rate of 10-30 metres per second

A

A nerve fibres

30
Q

Change ins tumuli in sensitivity and consequent nerve impulse generation in the presence of a constant stimulus

A

Adaptation

31
Q

Provide a sustained response with little or no adaptation

A

Nociceptors

32
Q

Why are nociceptors not fast adaptive?

A

Due to their protective function

33
Q

-unmyelinated
-conduct “slow-wave pain” (second pain)
-pain from chemical or persistent mechanical/ thermal stimuli
-transmit impulses at a rate of 0.5-2.0 metres per seconds

A

C-fibres

34
Q

Nociceptive stimulation that activates C fibres can case a response known as

A

Neurogenic

35
Q

Inflammation that produces vasodilation & an increased release of chemical mediators to which nociceptors respond

A

Neurogenic

36
Q

From intense pressure applied to skin or from violent contraction/extreme stretch of muscle
-extremes of hot or of cold

A

Mechanical stimuli

37
Q

From tissue trauma, ischemia, inflammation
-released from injured & inflamed tissues

A

Chemical stimuli

38
Q

Spinothalamic pathways have 2 subdivisions

A

-one Carrie’s sharp, fast pain
-other ravels more slowly

Test 4 (9 decks)

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