lower respiratory DSA - Ferrill and Kania

Question 1

asthma consists of 2 components

Answer 1

1. bronchospasm - caused by vagus nerve

2. inflammation - caused by T helper cells and IgE

Question 2

how does optimizing mechanical function of the structures involved with breathing help young patients with asthma?

Answer 2

decrease the overall workload placed on the child’s cardiopulmonary system

Question 3

SD to treat in children with asthma

Answer 3

1. T1-6 - somatovisceral reflexes assoc with asthma

2. cervical region - parasympathetic activity

Question 4

behavioral issues to address with asthmatic patient

Answer 4

1. emotional triggers
2. support systems
3. self care

Question 5

goal of OMT in treatment of child with asthma

Answer 5

1. optimize the balance between parasympathetic and sympathetic input to the pulm system
2. remove mechanical restriction that affect resp mechanics
3. decrease the workload of breathing
4. facilitate the child’s ability to function normally

Question 6

biomechanical model of tx for COPD

Answer 6

1. address thoracic compliance issues to reduce resp mm workload and decrease fatigue
2. SD of ribs, thoracic, and lumbar
3. doming of the diaphragm - to increase the length and decrease the resting tone of resp musculature

Question 7

how does COPD affect lymph movement?

Answer 7

1. reduction in local drainage of exudates
2. decrease in delivery of antigen to regional lymph nodes
3. impairment in both cellular immunological response and transport of abx to affected areas

Question 8

neurological SD finding in COPD

Answer 8

1. C2 SD
2. ipsilateral cranial base dysfx, particularly the occipitomastoid articulation
3. acute segmental facilitation - vagus and other parasympathetic nerves will not vasodilate or stimulate sweat glands
4. local reduction in rib excursion (if pneumonia present)
5. T1-5/6 SD (if have acute or chronic bronchitis)

Question 9

metabolic energy model for COPD

Answer 9

1. address protein-calorie malnutrition if present
2. address altered or restricted gait (altered or restricted gait shown to increase O2 demand)
3. comprehensive pulm rehabilitation

Question 10

behavioral model for COPD

Answer 10

1. address anxiety (anxiety increases sympathetic)
2. smoking cessation
3. prevention of infection

Question 11

OMT plan for acute COPD exacerbation

Answer 11

1. address ribs, thoracic spine, diaphragm to reduce mechanical restriction
2. address ANS
3. use indirect technique such as myofascial release, BLT, cranial, and FPR

Question 12

benefit of OMT in chronic COPD

Answer 12

to prevent further acute exacerbations