Lower Respiratory Disorder

Question 1

What disorders are considered as Lower Respiratory?

Answer 1

COPD

Restrictive Lung Disease

Asthma

Chronic Bronchitis

Emphysema

Question 2

What drugs are considered as Sympathomimetics?

Answer 2

Epinephrine = Open airways and Increase BP. Also known as rescue Inhaler.

Albuterol = Beta 2 selective. Controls and treats asthma by causing bronchodilation for a long time.

Question 3

What drug(s) is referred as SABA (short acting Beta agonist)

Answer 3

SABA = Epinephrine and albuterol.

Question 4

What does LABA stand for?

Answer 4

Long acting Beta agonist

Question 5

What drugs do LAMA and SAMA refer to and what do they stand for?

Answer 5

Anticholinergics

LAMA = Long acting muscarinic antagonist

SAMA = short acting muscarinic antagonist

Question 6

What does ICS stand for?

Answer 6

Inhaled corticosteroids

Question 7

True or false? Higher use of SABA is associated with adverse clinical outcomes?

Answer 7

True

Question 8

True or false. SABA-only treatment is no longer recommended. What is recommended is to have low dose ICS alongside SABA in order to reduce probability of adverse outcomes?

Answer 8

True

Question 9

What drug is considered Sympathomimetic: Beta 2 Adrenergic Agonist?>

Answer 9

Albuterol.

Question 10

What is the MOA of Albuterol?

Answer 10

Stimulate Beta 2 receptors in smooth muscle of bronchi and bronchioles.

Question 11

What is Albuterol used for?

Answer 11

Prevent bronchospasm, asthma, reversible obstructive airway disease, exercise induced asthma.

Question 12

How is Albuterol administered?

Answer 12

PO

Inhalation (up to 2 puffs Q4H)

Question 13

What ASE is associated with Albuterol?

Answer 13

Muscle tremor

Excessive cardiac and CNS stimulation

Question 14

True or false? Albuterol is considered as a rescue medication.

Answer 14

True

Question 15

What drug is considered as Anticholinergic to use for Lower Respiratory Disease?

Answer 15

Tiotropium

Question 16

What is the MOA of Tiotropium?

Answer 16

Blocks Muscarinic cholinergic receptors and antagonize acetylcholine action by inhibiting M3 receptor response to acetylcholine.

RELAXES SMOOTH MUSCLE OF BRONCHI

DILATES BRONCHI

Question 17

What is Tiotropium used for?

Answer 17

Maintenance treatment for Asthma and COPD

Question 18

What ASE are associated with TioTropium?

Answer 18

Dysrhythmias

Angioedema

Chest pain

Hyperglycemia

Insomnia

Urinary retention

Dry mouth

Question 19

What drug is considered as Leukotriene modifier?

Answer 19

Montelukast

Question 20

What is the brand name for Montelukast?

Answer 20

Singulair

Question 21

What is the MOA of Montelukast?

Answer 21

Binds with Leukotriene receptors

inhibits smooth muscle contraction and bronchoconstriction

Question 22

What is Montelukast used for?

Answer 22

Prophylactic treatment for Long term treatment of asthma

Prevent acute asthma attacks

Question 23

What ASE are associated with Montelukast?

Answer 23

Headache

N/V

Diarrhea

SUICIDAL IDEATION

Aggressive behavior

Restlessness

Question 24

True or false? Montelukast is effective at relieving acute asthma attacks?

Answer 24

False

Question 25

`What are glucocorticoids used for?

Answer 25

Treat Asthma and other respiratory disorders

Question 26

When is glucocorticoids used?

Answer 26

When other bronchodilator therapy along did not work/

Question 27

How is Glucocorticoids administered?

Answer 27

MDI, Tablet, IV, Inhalation

Question 28

What side effects can come from glucocorticoids?

Answer 28

Inhaled form can cause Candida Albicans, dry mouth, irritation, and Hoarseness.

Question 29

How can we prevent Candida Albicans from infecting our mouths when using inhalation glucocorticoids?

Answer 29

Wash mouth after using inhalation glucocorticoids

Question 30

What drug is considered as Mast Cell stabilizer?

Answer 30

Cromolyn (Nasalcrom)

Question 31

MOA of Cromolyn?

Answer 31

Prevent release of Broncho constrictive and inflammatory substances in response to allergens

Question 32

What is Cromolyn used for?

Answer 32

Prophylaxis of acute asthma attacks in mild, persistent asthma

Question 33

How is Cromolyn administered?

Answer 33

Nasal spray

Question 34

What ASE should be looked for in Cromolyn ?

Answer 34

Rebound bronchospasm

Question 35

True or false? Cromolyn should be taken daily and is not considered as a Rescue Medication?

Answer 35

True

Question 36

What drug is considered as Mucolytic?

Answer 36

Acetylcysteine

Question 37

What is MOA of Acetylcysteine?

Answer 37

Liquifies and Loosens thick secretions

Question 38

What is Acetylcysteine used for?

Answer 38

Cystic fibrosis

Question 39

What side effects can come with Acetylcysteine?

Answer 39

Drowsiness N/V Bronchospasms

Question 40

How is Acetylcysteine administered?

Answer 40

Inhalation PO IV

Question 41

True or false. Acetylcysteine smells like rotten eggs via nebulizer?

Answer 41

True