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Pharm Exam 3 Materials > Lower Respiratory Disorder > Flashcards

Lower Respiratory Disorder Flashcards

1
Q

What disorders are considered as Lower Respiratory?

A

COPD

Restrictive Lung Disease

Asthma

Chronic Bronchitis

Emphysema

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2
Q

What drugs are considered as Sympathomimetics?

A

Epinephrine = Open airways and Increase BP. Also known as rescue Inhaler.

Albuterol = Beta 2 selective. Controls and treats asthma by causing bronchodilation for a long time.

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3
Q

What drug(s) is referred as SABA (short acting Beta agonist)

A

SABA = Epinephrine and albuterol.

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4
Q

What does LABA stand for?

A

Long acting Beta agonist

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5
Q

What drugs do LAMA and SAMA refer to and what do they stand for?

A

Anticholinergics

LAMA = Long acting muscarinic antagonist

SAMA = short acting muscarinic antagonist

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6
Q

What does ICS stand for?

A

Inhaled corticosteroids

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7
Q

True or false? Higher use of SABA is associated with adverse clinical outcomes?

A

True

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8
Q

True or false. SABA-only treatment is no longer recommended. What is recommended is to have low dose ICS alongside SABA in order to reduce probability of adverse outcomes?

A

True

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9
Q

What drug is considered Sympathomimetic: Beta 2 Adrenergic Agonist?>

A

Albuterol.

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10
Q

What is the MOA of Albuterol?

A

Stimulate Beta 2 receptors in smooth muscle of bronchi and bronchioles.

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11
Q

What is Albuterol used for?

A

Prevent bronchospasm, asthma, reversible obstructive airway disease, exercise induced asthma.

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12
Q

How is Albuterol administered?

A

PO

Inhalation (up to 2 puffs Q4H)

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13
Q

What ASE is associated with Albuterol?

A

Muscle tremor

Excessive cardiac and CNS stimulation

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14
Q

True or false? Albuterol is considered as a rescue medication.

A

True

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15
Q

What drug is considered as Anticholinergic to use for Lower Respiratory Disease?

A

Tiotropium

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16
Q

What is the MOA of Tiotropium?

A

Blocks Muscarinic cholinergic receptors and antagonize acetylcholine action by inhibiting M3 receptor response to acetylcholine.

RELAXES SMOOTH MUSCLE OF BRONCHI

DILATES BRONCHI

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17
Q

What is Tiotropium used for?

A

Maintenance treatment for Asthma and COPD

18
Q

What ASE are associated with TioTropium?

A

Dysrhythmias

Angioedema

Chest pain

Hyperglycemia

Insomnia

Urinary retention

Dry mouth

19
Q

What drug is considered as Leukotriene modifier?

A

Montelukast

20
Q

What is the brand name for Montelukast?

A

Singulair

21
Q

What is the MOA of Montelukast?

A

Binds with Leukotriene receptors

inhibits smooth muscle contraction and bronchoconstriction

22
Q

What is Montelukast used for?

A

Prophylactic treatment for Long term treatment of asthma

Prevent acute asthma attacks

23
Q

What ASE are associated with Montelukast?

A

Headache

N/V

Diarrhea

SUICIDAL IDEATION

Aggressive behavior

Restlessness

24
Q

True or false? Montelukast is effective at relieving acute asthma attacks?

A

False

25
Q

`What are glucocorticoids used for?

A

Treat Asthma and other respiratory disorders

26
Q

When is glucocorticoids used?

A

When other bronchodilator therapy along did not work/

27
Q

How is Glucocorticoids administered?

A

MDI, Tablet, IV, Inhalation

28
Q

What side effects can come from glucocorticoids?

A

Inhaled form can cause Candida Albicans, dry mouth, irritation, and Hoarseness.

29
Q

How can we prevent Candida Albicans from infecting our mouths when using inhalation glucocorticoids?

A

Wash mouth after using inhalation glucocorticoids

30
Q

What drug is considered as Mast Cell stabilizer?

A

Cromolyn (Nasalcrom)

31
Q

MOA of Cromolyn?

A

Prevent release of Broncho constrictive and inflammatory substances in response to allergens

32
Q

What is Cromolyn used for?

A

Prophylaxis of acute asthma attacks in mild, persistent asthma

33
Q

How is Cromolyn administered?

A

Nasal spray

34
Q

What ASE should be looked for in Cromolyn ?

A

Rebound bronchospasm

35
Q

True or false? Cromolyn should be taken daily and is not considered as a Rescue Medication?

A

True

36
Q

What drug is considered as Mucolytic?

A

Acetylcysteine

37
Q

What is MOA of Acetylcysteine?

A

Liquifies and Loosens thick secretions

38
Q

What is Acetylcysteine used for?

A

Cystic fibrosis

39
Q

What side effects can come with Acetylcysteine?

A

Drowsiness

N/V

Bronchospasms

40
Q

How is Acetylcysteine administered?

A

Inhalation

PO

IV

41
Q

True or false. Acetylcysteine smells like rotten eggs via nebulizer?

A

True

Pharm Exam 3 Materials (5 decks)

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