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Adult Health II Final Exam > Lower Respiratory > Flashcards

Lower Respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

Main difference between bronchitis and pneumonia?

A

no chest infiltrates or consolidation on chest xray with bronchitis

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2
Q

characteristic s/s of bronchitis?

A

clear, mucoid sputum; persistent cough

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3
Q

characteristic s//s of pertussis?

A

whooping cough for 6-10 weeks

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4
Q

Community-acquired pneumonia

A

onset in community or first 2 days of hospitalization

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5
Q

Hospital-acquired pnemonia:

A

occurs 48 hours or longer after hospital admission and not incubating at the time of hospitalization

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6
Q

ventilator-acquired pneumonia

A

48 hours after intubation

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7
Q

complications of pneumonia: (4)

A

pleurisy, pleural effusion, atelectasis, bacteremia

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8
Q

pneumonia: how much activity? how many liters of fluids a day?

A

limited activity; 2-3

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9
Q

therapeutic positioning for bilateral pneumonia:

A

“right lung down”

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10
Q

therapeutic positioning for unilateral pneumonia:

A

“good lung down”

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11
Q

pneumo vaccine q ___years

A

5

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12
Q

influenza vaccine q ____years

A

1

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13
Q

Tube and NG feedings: HOB @?

Residuals should be less than _____.

A

30-45 DEGREES

100. IF MORE, STOP FEEDING!!

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14
Q

Bronchoscopy: post-op

A

NPO until gag reflex returns

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15
Q

Mantoux:

A

no redness (induration) at site 48-72 hours after=negative; positive reaction occurs 2-12 weeks after exposure

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16
Q

late symptoms of lung cancer:

A

weight loss, fatiguw, N/V

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17
Q

absent breath sounds over affected area-sigh of what?

A

pneumothorax

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18
Q

which pneumothorax is a medical emergency?

A

tension

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19
Q

stable tension pneumothorax is treated how?

A

resolves on its own

20
Q

unstable tension pneumothorax is treated how?

A

chest tube

21
Q

flail chest results from?

A

multiple rib fractures

22
Q

flail chest may require:

A

short-term intubation (until extent of injury can be determined)q

23
Q

flail chest: what type of IV hydration solutions?

A

crystalloids

24
Q

Placement of chest tube for air removal:

A

anteriorly through 2nd intercostal space

25
Q

placement of chest tube for fluid/blood removal:

A

posteriorly through the eighth or ninth intercostal space

26
Q

water seal chamber contains ____ cm of water

A

2

27
Q

purpose of water seal chamber?

A

prevents backflow of air into the patient from the system

28
Q

suction control chamber: -_____cm

A

20

29
Q

when pts has chest tubes and pleural drainage systems, keep______ at the bedside

A

occlusive dressing

30
Q

lobectomy

A

removal of one lobe of the lung

31
Q

pneumonectomy

A

removal of entire lung

32
Q

segmental resection:

A

removal of one or more lung segments

33
Q

wedge resection:

A

removal of small, localized lesion that occupies only part of a segment

34
Q

plerual effusion:

A

collection of fluid in pleural space

35
Q

transudate (with pleural effusion)

A

protein-poor, cell-poor fluid, seen with noninflammatory conditions

36
Q

transudate is what color?

A

pale yellow

37
Q

2 causes of transudate pleural effusions: increased ______ _______ in heart failure, decreased oncotic pressure (__________-which occurs in chronic liver or renal disease)

A

hydrostatic pressure, hypoalbuminemia

38
Q

exudative (with pleaural effusions)

A

inflammatory reaction; accumulation of fluids and cells, high protein content; dark yellow or amber in color

39
Q

with pleural effusions, chest x ray will indicate fliud greater than _____ml

A

250

40
Q

how much fluid can be pulled off in thoracentesis?

A

1000-1200

41
Q

what is necessary post thoracentesis?

A

chest x ray to check for pneumothorax

42
Q

pleurisy

A

inflammation of the pleura

43
Q

pulm. edema

A

abnormal accumulation of fluid in alveoli and interstitial spaces of lungs

44
Q

common cause of pulm. edema:

A

left-sided heart failure

45
Q

diagnostic studies for PE:

A

VP lung scan, D-DIMER , venous ultrasound if D-dimer is elevated

46
Q

normal d-dimer levels,

A

less than 250 ml

47
Q

PEEP is set at _____cm H20 for ARDS

A

10-20

Adult Health II Final Exam (7 decks)

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