Lower renal tract Flashcards
The ureter constricts as it passes from false to true pelvis? True or False?
Yes. 2nd site of constriction at pelvic brim
What is the pelvic floor muscle known as the pelvic diaphragm?
Levator Ani
What is the perineum?
Shallow compartment between the pelvic floor and skin
Where does the ureter cross the pelvic brim to enter urinary bladder?
At the common iliac artery bifurcation
The ureters cross POSTERIOR/ANTERIOR to the bifurcation of the common iliac artery?
ANterior
The route of the ureters into the bladder (in the pelvis) is completely sub-peritoneal. True or false?
True
How do the ureters enter the bladder?
Enter the POSTERIOR bladder in an inferomedial direction
What is the clinical importance of inferomedial descent of ureters into bladder?
Helps prevent reflux of urine back into ureters.
Whit is the clinical significance of the rectovesical pouch?
Most inferior part of MALE peritoneal cavity when standing & => any abnormal fluid will collect here
The Vesico-uterine pouch is the most dependant part of the peritoneal cavity in FEMALES. True or FALSE?
FALSE. Vesico-uterine is more shallow than the RECTOUTERINE (Pouch of Douglas) which is the most dependant.
In FEMALES the ureter runs inferior to what?
Uterine tubes and uterine artery (Water under the Bridge)
Why is the anatomical relations of the ureter important in gynaecological surgery?
Some procedures (e.g. hysterectomy) rquire ligation of uterine artery and if ureter is ligated by mistake –> renal failure. Important to know where ureter is in relation to uterine A.
In males where does the ureter run in relation to the vas deferens?
Inferiorly
The majority of pelvic organs are supplied by branches of which Artery?
Internal iliac artery
Which 2 things help prevent reflux of urine back into the ureters when the bladder contracts?
- Inferomedial insertion of ureters into bladder
2. Detruser muscle fibres encircling the uretic orifices
