Lower Limb Review Flashcards
Which bone classification are tarsals?
Short
What is the most distal part of a metatarsal?
Head
Where in the foot is the tuberosity that is easily palpable?
proximal portion of the fifth metatarsal
Which tarsal bone is located on the lateral side of the foot between the calcaneus and the fourth and fifth metatarsals?
Cuboid
Which tarsal bone is located on the medial side of the foot between the talus and the three cuneiforms?
Navicular
Which bones articulate distally with the tarsal navicular?
Cuneiforms
Which bones articulate distally with the three cuneiforms?
Talus and calcaneus
Which cuneiform is the largest cuneiform?
Medial
Where in the foot are the cuneiforms located?
Between the navicular and the metatarsals
Which articulation is an ellipsoid-type joint in the foot?
MTP joint
Which articulation of the foot is a gliding-type joint?
Intertarsal
Which two tarsal bones articulate with each other by way of three facets?
Talus and calcaneus
Where are the tibial plateaus located?
Proximal tibia
Which term refers to the sharp ridge on the anterior border of the tibia?
Crest
Which joint is formed by the articulation of the head of the fibula with the lateral condyle of the tibia?
Proximal tibiofibular
Which type of join is the proximal tibiofibular joint?
Gliding
Which structure is located on the head of the fibula?
Apex
With which structure does the head of the fibula articulate?
lateral tibial condyle
How many degrees and in what direction should the central ray be directed for the AP axial projection of the toes?
15 degrees cephalad
How many degrees and in what direction should the foot be rotated for the AP oblique projection of the foot?
30 degrees medially
Which projection of the foot best demonstrates the sinus tarsi?
medial oblique projection
Which projection of the foot best demonstrates most of the tarsals with the least amount of superimposition?
medial oblique projection
Which two projections comprise the typical series that best demonstrates the calcaneus?
Plantodorsal and lateral projections
How many degrees and in what direction should the central ray be directed for the plantodorsal projection of the calcaneus?
40 degrees cephalad
Which articulation should be seen in profile with the Mortise projection of the ankle?
Talofibular
With reference to the plane of the IR, how should the malleoli be positioned for the Mortise projection of the ankle to best demonstrate the mortise joint spaces opens?
Parallel
Which projection of the ankle should be performed to best demonstrates a ligamentous tear?
AP projection with inversion (Mortise)
How long should the collimated field be for the AP and AP oblique projections of the ankle?
8 inches
How many degrees of angulation should be formed between the femur and the radiographic table for PA axial projection (Holumblad method) of the knee?
70 degrees
Which projection of the knee best demonstrates the intercondylar fossa?
PA axial projection (Holmblad method)
Which structure of the knee is best demonstrated with the PA axial projection (Holmblad method)?
Femoral intercondylar fossa
Which projection of the knee best demonstrates the femoropatellar space open?
Lateral projection
For the lateral projection of the patella, which positioning maneuver reduces the femoropatellar joint space?
Flexing the knee more than 10 degrees
How should the central ray be directed for the bilateral wieght-bearing AP projection of the knees?
Perpendicularly
Which positioning maneuver should be performed to place the femoral neck in profile for the AP projection of the proximal femur?
Rotate the lower limb medially 10 to 15 degrees
For the lateral projection of the femur, how should the pelvis be positioned to demonstrate only the knee joint with the distal femoral shaft?
True lateral
