Lower Limb Muscles Flashcards
Origin and insertion and location of extensor digitorum longus
O: lateral tibial condyle and proximal 3/4 of fibula
I: phalanges of toes 2-5
Lateral to tibial is anterior
Extends hip when forceful extension is needed like climbing and jumping
Gluteus Maximus
Origin, insertion, location of tibial is anterior
O: upper tibia and parallels anterior crest
I: tarsal bones
Superficial of anterior leg
Acts to keep the upper body from falling backward when standing erect
Iliopsoas
Steadies the pelvis when walking
Gluteus medius
Helps flex hip because it crosses both hip and knee
Rectus femoris
What two fused bones makes up the iliopsoas
Iliacus and psoas major
Location origin and insertion of adductor muscles
Forms muscle mass at medial side of each thigh origin is the pelvis and insertion is the proximal femur
What does the gluteus Maximus form
Most of the buttocks
Why do adductor muscles become flabby easily
Gravity does most work the muscles so special exercises are need to keep them toned
Location and origin and insertion of hamstring group
Posterior thigh
origin is the ischial tuberosity
Insertion is both sides of proximal tibia
Prime mover of thigh extension and knee flexion
Hamstring group
What are the three muscles of the hamstring group
Biceps femoris
semimembranosus
semitendinosus
Location in origin and insertion of sartorius
Most superficial of thigh
origin is the anterior iliac
insertion is medial side of tibia
What is the Sartorius like
Thin and strap like
Prime mover of plantar flexion
Gastrocnemius
Another name for sartorius
Tailor’s muscle because it acts synergyst just to be able to sit
Adducts or presses thighs together
Adductor muscles
Origin and insertion of rectus femoris
Origin is the pelvis
Insertion is the tibial tuberosity via platellar ligament
Extends knee powerfully
Rectus femoris
Vastus muscles
Three fibularis muscles
Longus brevis and tertius
Prime mover of hip flexion
Iliopsoas
Brings thigh in straight line
Gluteus Maximus
Origin and insertion of iliopsoas
Origin is the iliac bone in lower vertebrae deep inside pelvis insertion is the lesser trochanter of femur
What is the Rectus femoris and Bastia muscles used for
Sometimes used as intramuscular injection site for infants with poorly developed gluteus muscles
What happens if Achilles’ tendon is cut
Walking is difficult and foot drags cause heel can’t be lifted
Prime mover of toe extension
Extensor digitorum longus
Location and origin and insertion of fibularis muscles
Lateral part of leg
Origin is fibula
Insertion is metatarsal bones
Dorsiflex and inverts foot
Tibialis anterior
Origin and insertion of gluteus medius
O:Ilium
I: femur
Beneath gluteus Maximus
Runs obliquely across thigh and is a weak thigh flexor
Sartorius
Plantar flexion and eversion
Fibularis muscles
Origin and insertion if gastrocnemius
Origin is the two heads on each side of distal femur
Insertion is the calcaneus bone via calc sneak (Achilles) tendon
Flexes knee
Gastrocnemius
How many bellies in gastrocnemius
Two bellies
Origin and insertion of soleus and location
Origin is proximal tibia and fibula
Insertion is calcaneus bone via Achilles’ tendon
Deep to gastrocnemius
Calcaneus tendon
Achilles’ tendon
Plantar flexion
Soleus
Origin and insertion of gluteus Maximus
O: sacrum and iliac bones
I: gluteal tuberosity of femur and large tendinuous iliotibial tract
Superficial muscle of hip
Another name of gastrocnemius
Toe dancers muscles
Hip abductor
Gluteus medius
