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Muscular System > Contraction Of A Muscle > Flashcards

Contraction Of A Muscle Flashcards

1
Q

Ability to shorten when an adequate stimulus is shortened

A

Contractility

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2
Q

Ability of muscle cells to be stretched

A

Extensibility

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3
Q

Ability to recoil and resume resting length after stretching

A

Elasticity

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4
Q

Stimulates skeletal muscles to contract

A

Motor neuron

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5
Q

What is a motor unit

A

One motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle cells stimulated by that neuron

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6
Q

A long, thread like extension of the neuron

A

Axon

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7
Q

When does the axon branch into axon terminal

A

The axon reaches the muscle and it forms a junction with the Sacrolemma

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8
Q

Where the axon terminal meets the sarcolemma

A

Neuromuscular joint

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9
Q

What is the neurotransmitter chemical

A

Acetylcholine

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10
Q

What is the synaptic cleft

A

Between the nerve and muscle

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11
Q

What is the nerve and muscle area between them filled with

A

Interstitial fluid

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12
Q

Chemical released by nerve upon arrival of nerve impulse and the axon terminal

A

Neurotransmitter

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13
Q

First step

A

Action potential reaches the axon terminal of the motor neuron

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14
Q

Second step

A

Calcium channels open and calcium Ions enter the axon terminal

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15
Q

3rd step

A

Because the calcium ions enter it causes some synaptic vesicles to release their contents (acetylcholine) by exocytosis

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16
Q

4th step

A

Acetylcholine diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds to receptors in the sarcolemma

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17
Q

Ability to receive and respond to a stimulus

A

excitability

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18
Q

6th step

A

ACh effects our ended by it’s breakdown in the synaptic cleft by the enzyme acetylcholinesterastase

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19
Q

The sliding filament Theory of muscle contraction

A

Activation by nerve causes myosin heads to attach to binding sites on the thin filament
myosin heads then bind to the next site of thin filaments and then pull them towards the center of the sarcomere

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20
Q

Different degrees of skeletal muscle shortening

A

Graded responses

21
Q

What produces graded responses

A

The frequency of muscle stimulation and the number of muscle cells being stimulated

22
Q

Single brief jerky contraction

A

Twitch

23
Q

What is a summing of contractions

A

Contraction is immediately followed by another

24
Q

Does a muscle go completely back to resting position in summing of contractions

A

Oh no do to more frequent stimulations

25
Q

What is unfused tetanus

A

Some relaxation occurs between contractions

26
Q

Which has nerve stimuli arrive at the faster rate unfused tetanus or something of contractions

A

Unfused tetanus

27
Q

What is fuse tetanus

A

No evidence of relaxation before the following construction

28
Q

Why is there no relaxation between contractions infused tetanus

A

The frequency of stipulations is so high

29
Q

What determines muscle force

A

Number of fiber stimulated

30
Q

When do muscles stop contracting

A

run out of energy

31
Q

Initially muscles use what energy

A

Stored ATP

32
Q

What happened to ATP to release energy

A

Bonds are broken

33
Q

Much energy comes from stored in ATP

A

4-6 seconds

34
Q

Phosphorylation

A

Add a creatine phosphate to ADP to regenerate ATP

35
Q

I’m how long does it take CP supplies to be exhausted

A

15 seconds

36
Q

What is aerobic respiration

A

Loukos is broken down to carbon dioxide water and releases energy

37
Q

How much energy is released in aerobic respiration

A

32 ATP

38
Q

What is anaerobic glycolysis

A

Reaction that breaks down glucose without oxygen

39
Q

In anaerobic glycolysis glucose is broken down into what

A

Pyruvic acid and produces about two ATP

40
Q

Pyruvic acid is transferred into

A

Lactic acid

41
Q

What produces muscle fatigue

A

Lactic acid

42
Q

What is a common cause for muscle fatigue

A

Oxygen debt

43
Q

What is needed to get rid of lactic acid

A

Oxygen

44
Q

Myofilaments are able to slide past each other during contractions
Able to shorten and move

A

Isotonic

45
Q

Tension in the muscle increases and no movement

A

Isometric

46
Q

Which type of exercise results and stronger more flexible muscles with greater resistance to fatigue

A

Aerobic exercise

47
Q

Type of exercise increases muscle size and strength

A

Resistance exercise

48
Q

5th step

A

channels to open that allows both sodium to enter the muscle and potassium to leave
Depolarization also occurs which is the electrical impulse that comes from more sodium entering then potassium leaving, which causes action potential

Muscular System (7 decks)

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