Lower Limb Main Actions

Question 1

Pectineus

Answer 1

Flex thigh at hip

Adduct thigh at hip

Question 2

Illopsoas

Answer 2

Flex thigh at hip

Question 3

Sartorius

Answer 3

Flex thigh at hip
Abduct thigh
Lateral rotation of thigh
Flexion of leg at the knee

Question 4

Rectus femoris

Answer 4

knee extension

AND hip flexion

Question 5

vastus lateralis/intermedius/medialis

Answer 5

knee extension

Question 6

articularis genu

Answer 6

Prevents synovial membrane superiorly during leg extension (prevents it from being compressed between femur & patella)

lifts supra patellar bursa during extension to prevent impingement

Question 7

Adductor longus/brevis/magnus

Answer 7

Thigh adductors

BUT adductor Magnus hamstring portion only extends thigh at hip

Question 8

Gracilis

Answer 8

thigh adductor

Question 9

obturator externus

Answer 9

lateral rotator of thigh

Question 10

semimembranosus/semitendinosus/biceps femoris

Answer 10

all extend thigh at the hip and flex the leg at the knee

SHORT head of biceps femoris only flexes knee

Question 11

Gluteus maximus

Answer 11

extends thigh at the hip

lateral rotator

Question 12

gluteus med/min

Answer 12

abduct the thigh

anterior fibers weakly medially rotate the thigh

Question 13

Tensor fascia lata

Answer 13

Medially rotates thigh at hip

*main muscle for this

Question 14

piriformis
superior gemellus
inferior gemellus
obturator internus
quadratus femoris
obturator externus

Answer 14

laterally rotate thigh at hip

Question 15

tibialis anterior

Answer 15

dorsiflexion

inversion

Question 16

EDL

Answer 16

dorsiflexion

extension of 2nd-5th digits

Question 17

EHL

Answer 17

dorsiflexion

extension of 1st digit

Question 18

Fibularis tertius

Answer 18

dorsiflexion

eversion

Question 19

fibularis longus

Answer 19

eversion

weak plantarflexion

Question 20

fibularis brevis

Answer 20

eversion

weak plantarflexion

Question 21

gastrocnemius

Answer 21

plantarflexion

flex leg at knee

Question 22

soleus

Answer 22

plantarflexion

Question 23

plantaris

Answer 23

weak plantarflexion

Question 24

popliteus

Answer 24

unlocks the knee joint by either rotating the femur laterally (when foot is on ground) or rotating tibia medially (when foot is off ground)

Question 25

FHL

Answer 25

flexion of 1st digit

weak plantarflexion

Question 26

FDL

Answer 26

flexion of 2nd-5th digits

plantarlexion

Question 27

posterior tibialis

Answer 27

plantarflexion

inversion