Leg, Foot, Ankle

Question 1

Tibia

Answer 1

load-bearing
forms medial malleolus inferiorly for articulation with talus

landmarks: Gerry’s tubercle, tibial tuberosity, lateral/medial condyles, lateral/medial intercondylar tubercles, medial malleolus

Question 2

Fibula

Answer 2

non-load bearing
attached to tibia via tibiofibular syndesmosis
forms lateral malleolus inferiorly for articulation with talus

landmarks: head and neck, lateral malleolus

Question 3

How many bones of foot

Answer 3

28 bones
(7 tarsals
5 metatarsals
14 phalanges
2 sesamoids)

Question 4

Where do movements of inversion and eversion occur?

Answer 4

subtalar and transverse tarsal joint

Question 5

Medial ligament of ankle

Answer 5

deltoid ligament

Question 6

Lateral (collateral) ligament of the ankle, 3 parts?

Answer 6

posterior talofibular ligament
calcaneofibular ligament
anterior talofibular ligament

Question 7

Most commonly sprained ligament

Answer 7

anterior talofibular ligament

Question 8

Inversion ankle sprain

Answer 8

calcaneofibular ligament torn

Question 9

Transverse tarsal joint

Answer 9

(Chopart’s joint)

1. talonavicular part of talocalcaneonavicular joint
2. calcaneocuboid joint

good place to amputate

Question 10

Tarsometatarsal joint

Answer 10

articulations between cuneiforms and metatarsals 1-3
and between cuboid and metatarsals 4 and 5

*lisfranc injury

Question 11

pes planus

Answer 11

flat foot, adult acquired flatfoot deformity

Question 12

Pott’s fracture

Answer 12

“bimalleolar fracture”

forced eversion –> deltoid ligament avulses medial malleolus –> talus moves laterally, shearing off lateral malleolus

can have trimalleolar fracture –> posterior margin of tibias sheared off

Question 13

sustentaculum tali

Answer 13

part of calcaneous

tendon of flexor hallucinations longs travels inferior to it

Question 14

Popliteal fossa contents

Answer 14

popliteal a
popliteal v
tibial nerve
common fibular nerve
popliteal lymph nodes

Question 15

Common Fibular Nerve Injury

Answer 15

Most superficial nerve in lower limb (fibular neck)

-Severance of Common Fibular Nerve: Flaccid paralysis of anterior/lateral leg compartments (ankle dorsiflexors and foot evertors) causing footdrop (foot does not clear floor on swing phase (A)).

Question 16

Saphenous nerve injury

Answer 16

Runs alongside great saphenous vein, can be damaged during saphenous cutdown causing pain or numbness on the medial aspect of the foot.

Question 17

Posterial tibial artery location

Answer 17

between soleus and deep compartment