Lower limb exam Flashcards
Acronym for general inspection
DWARFS
Dyskinesia Wasting Asymmetry Rashes Fasciculations Scars
OR
SWIFT
Scars Wasting Involuntary movement Fasciculations Tremors
How to test tone
leg roll
leg lift and drop (
clonus in foot
How to test power
Hold opposite hip
Hold leg at knee
Put other hand at ankle
Put hand at ankle, then tell them to push against hand
Eversion/inversion of foot
Up and down of big toe
Types of sensation
Light touch - cotton wool
Pain - neurotip
Vibration - 128 let’s vibrate
Proprioception
(512 I hear you)
Outline the dermatomes of the lower leg
L1 and L2 on outside of thigh L3 - medial side of knee L4 - inside of lower left L5 big toe S1 little toe
Where do you test the vibration?
Bony prominence of toe
Work up bony prominences ONLY if they can’t feel the vibration
How would you explain the coordination test?
Drag the heel of your foot from your knee to my hand (place hand at start of foot)
Pick it up and repeat
Ankle jerk reflex
Pull foot back and hit back of foot
Gait test involves
Romberg’s
Tip toe
Heel toe
investigations
Upper limb
AMTS
Cranial nerve
MRI
Lumbar spine
