Lower Limb Exam

Question 1

The primary flexor of the hip is the?

Answer 1

Iliopsoas

Question 2

Paralytic equinus during swing phase is often caused by injury to the?

Answer 2

Common peroneal nerve

Question 3

A cycle of gait is defined as all activity that occurs between?

Answer 3

Heel-strike on one limb and subsequent heel-strike on the same limb

Question 4

“Toe-out” or “toe-in” is the relationship of the long axis of the foot to the?

Answer 4

Line of progression

Question 5

The motions of inversion and eversion occur primarily at which joint?

Answer 5

Subtalar joint

Question 6

A complete lesion of the tibial nerve on one leg will result in what gait deviation

Answer 6

Shortened step length on contralateral side.

Question 7

————disease is an osteochrondrosis of the capital femoral epiphysis that generally occurs in —————.

Answer 7

Legg-calve perthes; three to ten year old males

Question 8

At which part of gait are the most number of muscles active?

Answer 8

heel strike

Question 9

For correction of genu valgum, forces should be applied over the

Answer 9

Lateral thigh distal to the greater trochanter, lateral aspect of the foot and medial comdyle of the femur.

Question 10

The purpose of measuring external rotation of the ankle joint is to:

Answer 10

Insure that the mechanical ankle axis coincides with the anatomical ankle axis in the transverse plane.

Question 11

What is the maximum acceptable malalignment of a tibial fracture that can be managed with an off the shelf fracture orthosis?

Answer 11

10 degrees of Varus or valgus, 20 degrees of anterior posterior angulation.

Question 12

For most patients with paraplegia to stand in KAFOs they must be allowed to rest on their iliofemoral ligaments. I order to facilitate this posture, how should the tibias be positioned sagitally in relationship to the ground.

Answer 12

A few degrees of relative dorsiflexion

Question 13

Congenital osteoporosis, along with fractures before And during birth is indicative of which conditions?

Answer 13

Osteogenesis imperfecta

Question 14

What is the best initial recommendation for a new born patient with talipes Equino Varus?

Answer 14

Serial casts

Question 15

A flexible Varus hind foot might be corrected using?

Answer 15

A lateral heel wedge

Question 16

Which of the following shoe modifications is most likely to be used for a fixed equinus deformity?

Answer 16

A heel lift

Question 17

The proper location of the mechanical knee joint on a KAFO is?

Answer 17

Half the distance between the adductor tubercle and the medial tibial lateru

Question 18

Which one of the following is not a contraindication for a R.G.O?

Answer 18

10 degree hip flexion contractures

Question 19

Metatarsal pads function to ————- as well as ———-

Answer 19

Relieve metatarsal heads, elevate the transverse arch

Question 20

Which of the following ankle joint controls would be indicated for a patient with paralysis of the plantarflexors?

Answer 20

Dorsiflexion stop

Question 21

In relation to the apex of the greater trochanter, where is the mechanical hip joint located?

Answer 21

25 mm proximal, 12mm anterior

Question 22

A complete lesion of the femoral nerve as it leaves the lumbar plexus affects?

Answer 22

Knee extension

Question 23

A patient has sustained a stroke and you note that he has a flexion synergy pattern in his upper extremity and lower extremity. Pick the best that describes both synergy patterns.

Answer 23

UE: shoulder abduction, external rotation, elbow flexion, forearm pronation, wrist flexion
LE: hip flexion, abduction, external rotation, knee flexion, ankle dorsiflexion

Question 24

During normal heel strike, the forward hip is how flexed:

Answer 24

20/25 degrees

Question 25

Gait cycle is described by the Activity between?

Answer 25

Heel strike on one side and the following heel strike on the same side.

Question 26

A patient is seen in clinic and presents with lumbar DJD. The patient has handed you a script with RX: LSO aligned appropriately. How would you align the patient in the sagital plane:

Answer 26

Decrease lumbar lordosis

Question 27

A patient is seen in clinic and presents with L5,SI spondylitis thesis. The patient has handed you a script with RX: LSO aligned appropriately . How would you align the patient in the sagital plane:

Answer 27

Decrease lumbar lordosis

Question 28

It is early in the recovery phase of a patient with a L3 complete spinal cord injury. The expected outcome would most likely be:

Answer 28

Some recovery of function since damage is to peripheral nerve roots.