Final Exam Flashcards
A single cycle of gait is defined as the?
From Hell off of one foot to the hell off of the same foot
At what phase of gait is mediolateral stability of the knee most important?
Mid stance
In measuring for a quadrilateral Brim what is the most important measurement?
Anterior posterior and medial lateral
What comprises the scarpa triangle?
Sartorius
Inguinal ligament
Adductor longus
What is the best position for managing the chronically dislocating glenohumeral joint
Abducted and internally rotated
The oblique diameter of a patients malleoli is 3 5/8 inch or 90 mm what should be the inside dimension of the ankle joint be?
4 1/16inch
A hemiplegic patient presents with zero hip extensors fair quadriceps zero calf. what would you recommend?
KAFO
A 20-year-old female patient presents with flaccid anterior compartment and medial lateral instability in her right lower limb which of the following would you recommend?
solid ankle polypropylene AFO trim interior to the malleoli
What is a contraindication for Spiral AFO ?
Edema with frequent volume changes
Bunnell cock up splints are frequently used for?
Arthritis
What structure assists the deltoid and glenohumeral abductions?
Rotator cuff
An Orthotic patients wrist is position in ulnar deviation and flexion she tried to reposition the patients wrist
And 30° extension
What is often a result of an irregular birth?
Erb’s palsy
What is the inflammation of the outer covering of the spinal cord or brain?
Meningitis
What is the primary target organ and rheumatoid arthritis
Synovium
What best describes a small lubricant filled sac which if removed results in an increase in friction?
Bursa
In an LSO what is the superior margin of the paraspinal bars?
1 inch inferior angle of the scapula
What is the superior margin of the paraspinal bars and a Taylor TLSO
Spine of scapula
What is the preferred position for fitting in a hyperextension TLSO Jewett type?
Supine
The superior portion of the Milwaukee CTLO should be carefully fabricated so as to?
Avoid excessive pressure on the chin
In an attempt to restore upper limb function to a C-5 complete quadriplegic which of those is should you recommend?
WHO with externally powered wrist or prehension
What structure is at the distal end of the humerus?
Epicondyle
Primary function of the brachioradialis is?
Elbow flexion and forearm supination
The primary function of the biceps brachii is
Supination
The primary function of the brachialis is?
elbow flexion
In addition to the deltoid the axillary nerve innervates the?
Teres minor
What muscle compliments the deltoid in performing glenohumeral abduction
rotator cuff
What is a contraindication for a plastic AFO?
Placcid peroneus tertius
Maximum dorsiflexion occurs during which phase of gait?
Hell off
What is the function of the serratus anterior muscle?
Rotation of the scapula
Which of the following is a birth injury to the brachial plexus? Cerebral palsy Bell's palsy Klumpke's palsy Perineal palsy
Klumpke’s palsy
A musculocutaneus nerve lesion will cause loss of function of which of the following muscles? Subscapularis Biceps Deltoid Serratus anterior Triceps
Biceps
Erb’s palsy refers to paralysis from injury to the?
Upper trunk of the brachial plexus
A landmark located at the distal end of the humerus is the
Epicondyle
The medial epicondyle of the humerus serves as the origin for which of the following muscle groups? Wrist extensors Elbow extensors Finger extensors Supinators Finger flexors
Finger flexors
The primary action of the brachioradialis muscle is to?
Flex the elbow
A local physician asks your opinion on fitting a complete brachial plexus injury with a functional orthosis. Which of the following problems can be anticipated?
The hand is hypersensitive
Muscle spasticity will interfere with fitting
Shoulder subluxation is difficult to control
No locking joints Are available for the elbow
Shoulder subluxation is difficult to control
Which of the following muscles in the forearm does not cross the wrist joint? Flexor Carpi radialis Extensor pollicis longus Adductor pollicis longus Brachioradialis Extensor indicis proprius
Brachioradialis
An orthosis to immobilize a fracture of the carpal navicular must include the?
Mp joint of the thumb
Which of the following muscles extends the distal phalanx of the thumb? Extensor pollicis longus Extensor pollicis brevis Extensor pollicis proprius Extensor digitorum longus
Extensor pollicis longus
Which of the following muscles is not supplied by the median? Palmaris longus Flexor pollicis longus Flexor Carpi ulnaris Pronator teres Flexor digitorum superficialis
Flexor Carpi ulnaris
When a patient wearing a WHFO (wrist driven flexor hinge orthosis) dorsiflexes his wrist, it will cause what finger motion?
Flexion
All of the following structures pass through the carpal tunnel except? Median nerve Flexor digitorum profundus tendon Flexor digitorum superficialis tendon Flexor Carpi radialis tendon
Flexor Carpi radialis tendon
All of the following are wrist tendodesis orthoses except: WHFO (engender-tirr) WHFO (rancho) WHFO (ric) WHFO (Oppenheimer)
WHFO (Oppenheimer)
Which of the following components is most effective for a hand lacking thumb abductor strength? C-bar Thumb extension Thumb IP extension assist First dorsal interosseous assist
C- bar
Metacarpophalaneal hyperextension and interphalangeal semi-Flexion of the ring and little finger characterizes a lesion of which nerve At the wrist?
Ulnar
Flexion of the distal interphalangeal joints is accomplished by which muscle?
Flexor digitorum profundus
Which orthotic device is indicated in order to restore prehension to quadriplegic patient whose functional neurological level spares C-6 nerve root?
WHFO ( wrist driven flexor hinged orthosis
The orthosis indicated for a median nerve palsy At the wrist is?
HO (basic opponens orthosis)
Patients who have good extensor digitorum communis function but loss of intrinsics would require a hand orthosis with what component?
An mp stop
A patient with a well fitted orthosis for a wrist level median nerve injury does not use his hand functionally this is most likely due to?
Sensory deficit
Lack of motivation.
Sensation is transmitted through which following structures?
Dorsal branch of the nerve
Which of the following describes an aponeurosis? A ganglion A nerve plexus Thin flattened tendon An apposition muscle A ligament
A thin flattened tendon
During normal human locomotion, how much does the center of gravity shift from side to side?
2 inches
Spasticity does not result from which of the following? Cerebral palsy Multiple sclerosis Myedysplasia Cauda equina injury Spinal cord injury
Cauda equina injury
The primary tissue involved in rheumatoid arthritis is?
Synovial membrane
A Charcot joint results from?
Disruption of the sensory pathways to the joint
The most effective way to obtain maximum support with a metal spinal orthosis is to wear it with?
A corset
A patient returns to you complaining that her LS corset is sliding up. Your initial recommendation should be to?
Obtain a new garment
attach garters and wear hose
Tighten the straps distally to proximally
Add perineal straps
A guide in measuring the distance between posterior uprights on a lumbosacral orthosis is the?
Para spinal muscles
Lateral bending of the spine always includes what additional motion?
Rotation
Hydrocephalus may accompany?
Myelodysplasia
Which of the following does not result in an upper motor neuron lesion? Cerebral vascular accident Multiple sclerosis Diabetic neuropathy Spinal cord transection
Diabetic neuropathy
A hernia support or truss should be fitted while the patient is?
Supine
Wearing a spinal orthosis may have what effect on the trunk?
Results in disuse atrophy
A good purchase on the pelvis is required in spinal orthotics to?
Prevent increased motion at the lumbosacral junction
The purpose of the anterior hyperextension orthosis is to reduce pressure on the ?
Anterior vetebral body
Lordosis can result from?
Flexion contracture of knees
The term Cauda Equina refers to the?
Nerve roots below the level of the spinal cord
Increasing intra-abdominal pressure by using spinal orthoses has the effect of?
Limiting diaphragmatic respiration
Which of the following orthoses would best treat spondylolisthesis? LSO corset LSO chair back LSO knight LSO Williams
LSO Williams
For maximum leverage with an LSO, it should extend from the?
Sacrococcygeal area to 1” below the inferior angle of the scapula
