Lower Limb And Gluteal Region Flashcards
What is the name of the deep fascia of the thigh
Fascia lata
Which toe is the point of reference
The second Toe
Whayt is the name of the dense fold of the deep fascia that separates the lower limb muscles into compartments
The intermuscular septae
What is the funnction of the medial compartment of the thigh
Adduction
What nerve supplies the anterior compartment of the thigh
The femoral nerve
What nerve supplies the medial compartment of the thigh
Obturator nerve
What nerve supplies the posterior compartment of the thigh
Sciatic Nerve
What is the biggest nerve in the body
Sciatic Nerve
What is the innervation of the Adductor Magnus
Tibial branch of the Sciatic Nerve
Obturator Nerve
What is the nerve innervation for the Pectineus muscle
The femoral nerve
The obturator nerve
What is the other nerve for the Fibularis or fibular related
Peroneous or Peroneal
WHAT WILL HAPPEN WHEN THE COMMON FIBULAR NERVE IS DAMAGED?
Its going to lead to a condition called foot drop which is due to difficulty in lifting the dorsum of the foot
Numbness or tingling in the top of the foot and the outer part of the lower leg
What bone fracture affects the common fibula nerve
A fracture of the fibular bone
What is the longest Muscle in the body
The sartorius muscle
Fuction of the satorius muscle
Flexes and medially rotates leg at knee joint;
assists in flexion, abduction and lateral rotation of thigh at hip joint
Draws the lower limb into the siting tailors position
What is the nerve supply to the sartorius muscle
The femoral nerve
What is the largest sesamoid bone
The patella
What is the function and nerve supply for the articularis genus muscle
Pull the synovial membrane of the knee joint upward during knee extension, preventing it from being pinched or compressed between the femur and patella.
Protect the joint capsule by maintaining its proper position during knee movements.
Innervated by the femoral nerve
What is the Westphals sign
Refers to a decreased or absent patellar tendon reflex, also known as the knee-jerk reflex.
This reflex is tested by tapping the patellar tendon below the kneecap, which should normally cause the leg to extend
Apart from Extension of the leg
What is the function of the rectus femoris
Assists the Iliopsoas in Flexing the thigh at the hip joint
What is the most of the medial muscle of the thigh
Gracillis muscle
What is innervation the medial compartment of the thigh
Obsturator nerve
What is the origin and insertion of the medial compartment of the thigh
Origin :on the pubis
Insertion: linea aspera of the femur
Except Gracillis which insertys at the Medial aspect of the proximal part of the tibia
What is the function of the proximal and lateral fibres of the medial compartment
The proximally inserting fibers contribute to lateral rotation.
Distally-inserting fibers contribute to medial rotation.
Whats the function of the Hamstring muscle
extensors of the thigh at the hip and flexors of the leg at the knee,
What is the individual function of the biceps femoris
Biceps femoris is a lateral rotator of the leg and thigh,
Which muscles of the hamstrings serve as medial rotators
semimembranosus and semitendinosus can serve as medial rotators of the leg
What nerve supplies the Hamstrings
The tibial branch of the ciatic nerve, Except the short head of the biceps femoris, which is innervated by the common fibular nerve
Which group of muscles are the pes anserinus
The pes anserinus consists of the conjoined tendons of the sartorius, gracilis, and semitendinosus muscles
It inserts into the proximomedial tibia and acts as a secondary valgus restraint augmenting the medial supporting structures of the knee.
What is the function of the pes anserinus muscles
The pes anserinus stabilizes the medial side of the knee, particularly during activities like walking and running.
It assists in flexion and medial rotation of the knee when the knee is flexed.
What is the name of the deep fascia of the leg
Crural Fascia
What innervates the anterior compartment of the leg
Deep fibular nerve
What is the action of the lateral compartment of the leg
Eversion of the foot and assist in plantar flexion
What nerve supplies the lateral compartment of the leg
Superficial fibular nerve
What are the vestigial muscles of the leg
Plantaris muscle
Fibularis(peroneal tertius) muscle
What is the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles collectively reffered to
Triceps surae muscle, Theyre the main plantar flexors of the foot
Other function of the gastrocnemius
Power flexor of the leg
Whats muscle is responsible for unlocking the extended knee
Popliteus muscle
What is femoral hernia
When a loop of the intestine protrudes into the femoral canal
Fibularis brevis
BAse of the fifth metatarsal
Fibularis Longus
The fibers of the fibularis longus muscle travel inferiorly to the foot and insert, via a long tendon, onto the: - plantar surface of medial cuneiform bone; - plantar aspect of the base of first metatarsal bone.
Tom
Dig
And
Harry
tibialis posterior Tendon
Flexor digitorum longus
Artery and nerve
Flexor Halluicic longus
What are the borders of the Femoral Triangle
SUPERIOR BORDER: INGUINAL LIGAMENT
LATERAL BORDER: SARTORIOUS MUSCLE?
MEDIAL BORDER: ADDUCTOR LONGUS MUSCLE
Illiotibial tract
Thickening of the lateral side of the thigh
What is the trendelenburg sign
The Trendelenburg sign is a physical examination that tests for weakness in the hip abductor muscles, primarily the gluteus medius and gluteus minimus.
What is the mechanism for the Trendeleburg sign
A patient is made to stand on one leg with the other leg unsurported
The Abductors of the hip(gluteus madius and minimus) are to contract to prevent the pelvis from sagging on the unsurpoted leg
A sagging hip on the unsupported leg is indicative of a positive Trendeleburg sign and a weakenig in the hip abductors
Anatomically and functional what parts of the body does the gluteal region belong to
It is Anatomically part of the Trunk but functionally considered as part of the lower extremity
What is the innervation of the skin of the gluteal region
The cluneal nerve
What are the boundaries of the gluteal region
Superiorl : Iliac Crest
Medially: intergluteal cleft
Laterally the greatertrochanter
Inferiorly the gluteal fold
What is the action of the Gluteus maximus
primarily abductors, extensors and lateral rotators of the thigh
What is the powerful extensor of the thigh
Gluteus maximus
What is the innervation and blood supply of the Gluteus maximus
inferior gluteal nerve
Blood supply from both inferior and superior gluteal arteries
What is the innervation and blood supply of the gluteus medius and gluteus minimus and tensor fascia latae
Superior gluteal nerve
Superior Gluteal artery
What is the function of the gluteus medius and minimus
Theyre abductors of the hipjoint
Where is an IM(Intramuscular injection given in the buttocks, and why
Given at the upper outer quadrant of the buttocks
To avoid injecting into the sciatic nerve
