Joints of the lower limb Flashcards
What are the other names of the hip bone
An innominate bone or coxa bonee
Which part of the head of the femur is not covered by hyaline cartilage
Fovea of the head of the femur, ligamentum teres femoris
What are the parts of the
The rim,
the lunate surface(
The gap called acetabular notch
The acetabular fossa
which part of the acetabylum is coevred by hyaline car.
Lunate surface
main part that takes part of the hip joint formation
Lunate surface
What usually covers the acetabular fossa
Fat
What covers the acetabular rim
Acetabular labrum
Transverse acetabular ligament?
Medially, where does the capsule of the hip joint attach
Margins of the acetabulum
Laterally, where does the capsule of the hip joint attach
Intertrochanteric line
The posterior version of the intertrochanteric line is
intertronchanteric crest
What forms the retinaculum
The reflected part of the synovial membrane, Reflexion retinacula
A fracture of the head of the femur may affect what arteries?
`Subsynovial retinacular arteries , which supply the head of the fermur
How many capsular ligaments are there
3
What are the three capsular ligaments
Iliofemoral
Pubofemoral
Ischiofemoral ligament
What are the capsule
What is the strongesr campsule ligament
Iliofemoral
What is the weakest capsule ligament
Ischiofemoral
What is the function of the iliofemoral
Resists extensive extension of the hip joints
What is the function of the pubofemoral ligament
Support the hip joint inferiorly
Function of the Ischiofemoral joint
Protects the joints posteriorly, and resists excessive flexion of the hip joint
The ligament of the head of the femur
Connects the head of the femur to the transverse femoral ligament
Which ligament of the hip joint does not play a role in the stability of the joint
The ligament of the head of the femur
Which muscles in the lower limb can be likened to the rotator cuff muscles
Piriformis, obturator internis gemelli
What nerve can be affected when the hip joint dislocates posteriorly
The sciatic nerve
What is the main arterial blood supply of the hip joint
Retinacular arteries
Which arteries do the Retinacular arteries branch from
Medial and lateral circumflex femoral artery
What is trochanteric anastomosis
Which other artery supplies the head of the
Artery to the head of the femur
What year does the artery to the head of the femur obliterate
7 years
Why are sickle cell patients likely to have avascular necrosis of the head of the femur
Because the artery to the head of the femur closes even earlier than the average 7 years
At this stage, the Retinacular arteries are not fully developed hence the loss of blood supply to the head of the femur
What is the major muscle for the flexion of the hip joint
Iliopsoas( Iliacus and Psoas major muscle
What is the major muscle for the Extension of the hip joint
The gluteus maximus
What is the major muscle for the Abduction of the hip joint
The gluteus medius and minimus
What is the biggest synovial joint in the body
The knee joint
Why is the knee joint considered compound synovial joint
Because its formed by two bones
The knee joint is considered to be a modified himge joint
Why is this so
Becaus eit allows other movements apart from flexion and extension so its not a true hinge joint
Origin and insertion of the patella ligament
Extends from the apex of the of the patella to the tibial tuberositty
What forms the patella retinaculum
Ligaments of the vastus lateralis and medialis
Genu varos posit
