Lower Limb Anatomy

Question 1

Great saphenous vein drains into

Answer 1

Femoral vein

Question 2

Small saphenous vein drains into

Answer 2

Popliteal vein

Question 3

Lymph drainage following the great saphenous vein ends in the

Answer 3

Superficial inguinal nodes

Question 4

Lymph drainage following the small saphenous vein end in

Answer 4

Popliteal lymph nodes

Question 5

Ileofemoral ligament is found where and prevents what movement

Answer 5

Hip joint

Hyperextension

Question 6

Pubofemoral ligament is found where and prevents what movement

Answer 6

Hip joint

Hyper abduction

Question 7

Name the hip flexors

Answer 7

Iliopsoas 
= iliacus + psoas major
Rectus femoris
Sartorius
Pectineus

Question 8

Extensors of the hip joint

Answer 8

Gluteus maximus
Biceps femoris
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus

Question 9

Name hip adductors

Answer 9

Pectineus
Adductor brevis
Adductor longus
Adductor Magnus
Gracilis

Question 10

What nerve supplies adductor muscles of hip

Answer 10

Obturator nerve L2,3,4

Question 11

Abductor muscles of the hip

Answer 11

Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Tensor fascia lata

Question 12

muscles of the quadriceps femoris

Answer 12

rectus femoris
vastus lateralis
vastus medius
vastus intermedius

–> knee extensors
(+ rectus femoris flexes hip)

Question 13

nerve innervation of anterior group thigh muscles

Answer 13

femoral nerve

L2,3,4

Question 14

actions of sartorius

Answer 14

flexes hip
abducts hip
lateral rotation of hip
flexor of knee

Question 15

what structures pass though adductor hiatus

Answer 15

femoral a. v. + n.

exit into popliteal fossa (and becomes popliteal artery)

Question 16

femoral artery comes from what artery

Answer 16

external iliac

Question 17

femoral vein is the continuation of what vein

Answer 17

popliteal vein

Question 18

femoral nerve supplies what muscles

Answer 18

sartorius, iliacus, p ectineus, quadriceps femoris (rectus femoris, vastus medius, vastus intermedius, vastus lateralis)

Question 19

contents femoral sheath

Answer 19

CVAN, NAVEL

femoral nerve, artery, vein, empty space, lymph canal

Question 20

femoral hernias are more common in which sex

Answer 20

females

vs inguinal = males

Question 21

Lumbar plexus

Answer 21

L1 - L4

Question 22

Main branches of lumbar plexus

Answer 22

obturator nerve = supplies medial compartment of thigh

femoral nerve = innervates anterior compartment of thigh

Question 23

root values obturator + femoral nerve

Answer 23

L2, 3, 4

Question 24

innervation gluteus maximus

Answer 24

inferior gluteal nerve (L5-S2)

Question 25

tendon bit at the bottom of the tensor fascia lata

Answer 25

iliotibial tract

Question 26

innervation gluteus medius, minimus + tensor fascia lata

Answer 26

superior gluteal nerve | L4-S1

Question 27

action of deep muscles of hip joint

Answer 27

stabilise hip joint | + lateral rotators

Question 28

Sacral plexus

Answer 28

L4 - S4

Question 29

main branches of the sacral plexus

Answer 29

sciatic nerve (L4-S3) + pudendal nerve (S2-4)

Question 30

root values of lumbosacral trunk

Answer 30

L4 + 5

Question 31

root values superior gluteal nerve

Answer 31

L4-S1

Question 32

root value inferior gluteal nerve

Answer 32

L5-S2

Question 33

terminal branches of sciatic nerve

Answer 33

``` tibial nerve (L4-S3) common fibular nerve -> deep + superficial fibular (L4 - S1) ```

Question 34

muscles of the hamstrings

Answer 34

biceps femoris semitendinosus semimembranosus

Question 35

innervation anterior compartment of thigh

Answer 35

femoral nerve (L2,3,4)

Question 36

innervation medial muscles of thigh

Answer 36

obturator nerve (L2,3,4)

Question 37

innervation posterior muscles of thigh

Answer 37

sciatic nerve (L4-S3)

Question 38

innervation muscles of anterior leg

Answer 38

deep fibular nerve (L4-S1)

Question 39

innervation lateral compartment of leg

Answer 39

superficial fibular nerve (L4-S1)

Question 40

superior / proximal tibia-fibular joint

Answer 40

synovial plane

Question 41

inferior / distal tiobio-fibular joint

Answer 41

fibrous syndesmosis

Question 42

innervation muscles posterior compartment leg

Answer 42

tibial nerve (L4-S3)

Question 43

branches of popliteal artery

Answer 43

anterior and posterior tibial artery

Question 44

navicular and talus joint

Answer 44

synovial ball and socket

Question 45

Artery to head of femur

Answer 45

medial + lateral circumflex from femoral

Question 46

role of menisci

Answer 46

reduce friction, weight dispersion

Question 47

medial rotators of hip

Answer 47

gluteus medius, minimus, tensor fascia lata

Question 48

Extensors of knee

Answer 48

Quadriceps femoris - rectus femoris - vastus medialis, lateralis + intermedius

Question 49

lateral rotator hip

Answer 49

sartorius, obturator internes, gemelli, quadratis femoris, piriformis

Question 50

flexors of knee

Answer 50

hamstrings - biceps femoris - semimembranosus - semitendinosus

Question 51

what pass through the greater sciatic foramen

Answer 51

sciatic nerve inferior + superior gluteal nerves pudendal nerve piriformis

Question 52

function of cruciate ligaments

Answer 52

prevent anterior / posterior dislocation of the knee

Question 53

function ileofemoral ligament

Answer 53

prevents hyperextension of hip joint + ischiofemoral

Question 54

function pubofemoral ligament

Answer 54

prevents hyperabduction of hip joint

Question 55

function of hamstrings - biceps femoris - semimembranosus - semitendinosus

Answer 55

extend hip + flex knee

Question 56

function of quadriceps

Answer 56

extend the knee

Question 57

contents of the adductor canal

Answer 57

= femoral vessels + nerve

Question 58

popliteal artery is a continuation of what artery

Answer 58

femoral which is a continuation of the external iliac artery (changes name to femoral once passed through inguinal ligament and to popliteal after passing through adductor canal into the popliteal fossa)

Question 59

Tarsal bones of feet

Answer 59

``` Calcaneus Talus Navicular Cuboid 1st, 2nd, 3rd cuneiform bones ```

Question 60

ligament on bottom of foot

Answer 60

calcaneonavilcular ligament

Question 61

Tibial nerve is a branch of what nerve

Answer 61

sciatic nerve

Question 62

what tendon are the lumbricals in the feet attached to

Answer 62

flexor digitorum longus

Question 63

Order of tendons, structures entering foot

Answer 63

Tom Dick And Very Nervous Harry ``` Tibialis posterior Flexor digitorum longus Artery Vein Nerve Flexor hallicus longus ```