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*** Muscles *** > Lower Limb > Flashcards

Lower Limb Flashcards

1
Q

Anterior muscles

A 
Tibialis anterior
Extensor digitorum longus
Extensor hallucis longus
Fibularis tertius (very short/thin)

All innervated by the deep fibula nerve
All act to dorsiflexion the foot/extend the appropriate metatarsal

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2
Q

Tibialis anterior

Origin

A

Lateral surface of the tibia

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3
Q

Tibialis anterior

Insertion

A

Medial cuneiform

Base of metatarsal I

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4
Q

Tibialis anterior

Innervation

A

Deep fibular nerve

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5
Q

Tibialis anterior

Function

A

Dorsiflexion

Inversion

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6
Q

Extensor digitorum longus

Origin

A

Lateral condyle of the tibia

Medial surface of the fibula

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7
Q

Extensor digitorum longus

Insertion

A

Dorsal surface of foot to insert on each toe

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8
Q

Extensor digitorum longus

Innervation

A

Deep fibular nerve

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9
Q

Extensor digitorum longus

Function

A

Extension of the toes (not great toe)

Dorsiflexion

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10
Q

Extensor hallucis longus

Origin

A

Medial surface of the fibula

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11
Q

Extensor hallucis longus

Insertion

A

Base of distal phalanx of great toe

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12
Q

Extensor hallucis longus

Innervation

A

Deep fibular nerve

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13
Q

Extensor hallucis longus

Function

A

Extension of the great toe

Dorsiflexion

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14
Q

Fibularis tertius

Description

A

Very short/thin

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15
Q

Fibularis tertius

Origin

A

Medial surface of the fibula

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16
Q

Fibularis tertius

Insertion

A

Metatarsal V

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17
Q

Fibularis tertius

Innervation

A

Deep fibular nerve

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18
Q

Fibular tertius

Function

A

Dorsiflexion

Eversion of foot

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19
Q

Lateral muscles

A

Fibularis longus
Fibularis brevis

Both innervation by superficial fibula nerve
Both evert the foot
Both tendons pass posterior and to lateral malleolus and under the foot

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20
Q

Fibularis longus

Origin

A

Superior/lateral surface of the tibia

Lateral tibial condyle

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21
Q

Fibularis longus

Insertion

A

Medial cuneiform

Base of metatarsal I

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22
Q

Fibularis longus

Innervation

A

Superficial fibular nerve

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23
Q

Fibularis longus

Function

A

Eversion
Plantarflexion
Supports arches of the foot

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24
Q

Fibularis brevis

Description

A

Deeper/shorter

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25
Q

Fibularis brevis

Origin

A

Inferno lateral surface of the fibula

26
Q

Fibularis brevis

Insertion

A

Tubercle on metatarsal V

27
Q

Fibularis brevis

Innervation

A

Superficial fibular nerve

28
Q

Fibularis brevis

Function

A

Eversion

29
Q

Posterior muscles

Compartments

A

Superficial
Deep

Acts to plantar flex and invert the foot
Innervated by the tibial nerve (terminal branch of sciatic nerve)

30
Q

Posterior superficial muscles

A

Soleus
Gastrocnemius
Plantaris

31
Q

Soleus

Origin

A

Soleal line of the tibia

32
Q

Soleus

Insertion

A

Joins the calcaneal tendon to attach onto the calcaneus

33
Q

Soleus

Innervation

A

Tibial nerve

34
Q

Soleus

Function

A

Plantarflexion

35
Q

Gastrocnemius

Origin

A

Lateral head = lateral femoral condyle

Medial head = medial femoral condyle

36
Q

Gastrocnemius

Insertion

A

Joins the calcaneal tendon to attach onto the calcaneus

37
Q

Gastrocnemius

Innervation

A

Tibial nerve

38
Q

Gastrocnemius

Function

A

Plantarflexion

Flexes at knee

39
Q

Plantaris

Description

A

Can be mistaken for a nerve - due to long tendon

40
Q

Plantaris

Origin

A

Lateral supracondylar line of the femur

41
Q

Plantaris

Insertion

A

Joins the calcaneal tendon to attach onto the calcaneus

42
Q

Plantaris

Innervation

A

Tibial nerve

43
Q

Plantaris

Function

A

Plantarflexion

Flexes at knee

44
Q

Posterior deep muscles

A

Popliteus
Tibialis posterior
Flexor hallucis longus
Flexor digitorum longus

45
Q

Popliteus

Location

A

Base of the popliteal fossa

46
Q

Popliteus

Origin

A

Posterior surface of proximal tibia

47
Q

Popliteus

Insertion

A

Lateral condyle of the femur

Wraps diagonally across knee

48
Q

Popliteus

Innervation

A

Tibial nerve

49
Q

Popliteus

Function

A

Laterally rotates the knee (to enable flexion)

50
Q

Tibialis posterior

Origin

A

Interosseous membrane and posterior surface of tibia and fibula

51
Q

Tibialis posterior

Insertion

A

Plantar surfaces of medial tarsal bones

Tendons pass poster to medial malleolus

52
Q

Tibialis posterior

Innervation

A

Tibial nerve

53
Q

Tibialis posterior

Function

A

Inverts and plantar flexes the foot

Maintains medial arch of foot

54
Q

Flexor hallucis longus

Origin

A

Posterior surface of fibula

55
Q

Flexor hallucis longus

Insertion

A

Plantar surface of great toe

56
Q

Flexor hallucis longus

Innervation

A

Tibial nerve

57
Q

Flexor hallucis longus

Function

A

Flexes the great toe

58
Q

Flexor digitorum longus

Origin

A

Medial surface of the tibia

59
Q

Flexor digitorum longus

Insertion

A

Plantar surfaces of lateral four digits

60
Q

Flexor digitorum longus

Innervation

A

Tibial nerve

61
Q

Flexor digitorum longus

Function

A

Flexes the lateral four toes

*** Muscles *** (9 decks)

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