Lower limb

Question 1

The lower limb is specialised for _______

Answer 1

• Locomotion
• supporting body weight
• Balance

Question 2

What are the two parts that make up the lower limb ?

Answer 2

Trunk Segment

Free Lower limb segments

Question 3

What does the trunk segment include ?

Answer 3

Half of the pelvic girdle

Gluteal & Inguinal regions

Hip joint

Question 4

What does the free lower limb segments include ?

Answer 4

Thigh (femoris)

Leg (crus)

Foot (pes) - including Tarsus (connecting the ankle To the foot)

Question 5

What are the 3 sections of the bony pelvis ?

Answer 5

Ilium (yellow)

Ischium (blue)

Pubis (red)

Add pics

Question 6

What is the name of socket in the hip joint that connects to the femur ?

Answer 6

Acetabulum

Question 7

Which bones does the pelvic girdle articulate with ?

Answer 7

Sacrum

Femur

Question 8

What is the midline joint in the pelvic girdle ?

Answer 8

Pubic Symphysis

Question 9

The pelvic girdle has important landmarks for _________

Answer 9

Orientation

Question 10

What are the two main groups of muscles in the gluteal region ?

Answer 10

Vertical (5) and Horizontal (4)

Question 11

What is the difference between the horizontal and vertical muscle
Groups of the gluteal region ?

Answer 11

Horizontal ones are deeper and smaller

Vertical ones are larger

Question 12

What is the function of the horizontal muscle groups ?

Answer 12

They act as rotators at the hip joint

Question 13

What is the function of the vertical muscle groups ?

Answer 13

It allows abduction and extension

Question 14

Which 3 vertical group muscles aid in extension and walking ?

Answer 14

Gluteus maximus, medius, minimus

• which originate from the pelvis and attach to the femur

Question 15

Roots of which spinal nerves form the lumbar-sacral plexus ?

Answer 15

L1-S3

Question 16

What are the 4 main nerve branches that supply to the lower limb ?

Answer 16

Femoral nerve

Obturator nerve

Sciatic nerve

Inferior/superior Gluteal nerves

Question 17

Where is the femoral nerve located ?

Answer 17

Anterior thigh compartment and anterior leg

Question 18

Where is the Obturator nerve located ?

Answer 18

Medial thigh

Question 19

Where is the Sciatic nerve located ?

Answer 19

Posterior compartment of thigh, leg
And sole of foot

Question 20

What are two terminal branches of the sciatic nerve

Answer 20

Tibial

Common Fibular nerve

Question 21

Where are the inferior/superior gluteal nerves located ?

Answer 21

Large muscles in the gluteal region

Question 22

What are the characteristics of the acetabular joint ?

Answer 22

It’s more stable than the glenohumeral joint

It’s less mobile than the Glenohumeral (shoulder) joint because it bears more weight and stability

Question 23

Which ligaments connect the pelvis and the femur in the acetabular joint ?

Answer 23

Iliofemoral

Ischiofemoral

Pubofemoral

(They stabilise and enclose the joint)

Question 24

What is the longest bone in the body ?

Answer 24

Femur
(Thigh bone)

Question 25

Where does the distal femur articulate (join) with the tibia ?

Answer 25

At the knee

Question 26

Where does the proximal femur articulate with the pelvis ?

Answer 26

At the acetabulum