Lower limb 1 - Clinical Skills

Question 1

What 4 major segments is the lower limb divided into?

Answer 1

hip, thigh, leg and foot

Question 2

What does the lower limb skeleton belong to?

Answer 2

appendicular skeleton

Question 3

What does the lower limb skeleton consist of?

Answer 3

pelvic girdle and bones of the free part of the lower limb

Question 4

What does the pelvic girdle include?

Answer 4

the right and left pelvic bones and the sacrum

Question 5

What skeleton is the sacrum part of?

Answer 5

axial skeleton

Question 6

How does the lower limb girdle connect to the axial skeleton?

Answer 6

via sacroiliac joints

Question 7

What 3 bones make up the pelvic bone?

Answer 7

ilium, ischium and pubis (fused together by end of puberty to form single bone)

Question 8

What do all 3 bony elements of the pelvic bone contribute to formation of?

Answer 8

acetabulum on its lateral aspect

Question 9

What forms the hip joint?

Answer 9

head of femur articulating with acetabulum

Question 10

What type of joint is the hip joint?

Answer 10

ball and socket, multi-axial synovial joint

Question 11

What articulations occur at the knee joint?

Answer 11

distal end of femur articulates with proximal end of tibia and patella articulates with femur (not tibia)

Question 12

What are the 2 leg bones?

Answer 12

tibia and fibula

Question 13

What leg bone doesn’t take part in the formation of the knee joint?

Answer 13

fibula

Question 14

What type of joint is the knee joint?

Answer 14

synovial, hinge type joint that permits flexion and extension and small degree of rotation

Question 15

What ligaments are with the knee joint?

Answer 15

intra-capsular menisci and cruciate ligaments (complex joint)

Question 16

What does the head of fibula articulate with to form the proximal tibiofibular joint?

Answer 16

fibular facet on the lateral tibial condyle

Question 17

What type of joint is the proximal tibiofibular joint?

Answer 17

synovial joint with very limited movement

Question 18

What type of joint is the distal tibiofibular joint?

Answer 18

fibrous joint with no movement between them

Question 19

What forms the ankle joint?

Answer 19

distal ends of tibia and fibula articulate with superior part of talus (1 of 7 tarsal bones)

Question 20

What type of joint is the ankle joint?

Answer 20

synovial hinge joint, main movements are dorsiflexion and plantarflexion

Question 21

When the foot is in plantarflexion there’s a small amount of…?

Answer 21

abduction/adduction and inversion/eversion possible