Lower limb 1 - Clinical Skills Flashcards
What 4 major segments is the lower limb divided into?
hip, thigh, leg and foot
What does the lower limb skeleton belong to?
appendicular skeleton
What does the lower limb skeleton consist of?
pelvic girdle and bones of the free part of the lower limb
What does the pelvic girdle include?
the right and left pelvic bones and the sacrum
What skeleton is the sacrum part of?
axial skeleton
How does the lower limb girdle connect to the axial skeleton?
via sacroiliac joints
What 3 bones make up the pelvic bone?
ilium, ischium and pubis (fused together by end of puberty to form single bone)
What do all 3 bony elements of the pelvic bone contribute to formation of?
acetabulum on its lateral aspect
What forms the hip joint?
head of femur articulating with acetabulum
What type of joint is the hip joint?
ball and socket, multi-axial synovial joint
What articulations occur at the knee joint?
distal end of femur articulates with proximal end of tibia and patella articulates with femur (not tibia)
What are the 2 leg bones?
tibia and fibula
What leg bone doesn’t take part in the formation of the knee joint?
fibula
What type of joint is the knee joint?
synovial, hinge type joint that permits flexion and extension and small degree of rotation
What ligaments are with the knee joint?
intra-capsular menisci and cruciate ligaments (complex joint)
