Lower leg muscles Flashcards
Tibialis posterior origin
Proximal, posterior shafts of the tibia and fibula and the interosseous membrane.
Tibialis posterior insertion
All five tarsal bones and the bases of the second through fourth metatarsals.
Tibialis posterior actions
Invert the foot at the subtalar joint and plantarflex the foot at the talocrural joint.
Tibialis posterior innervation
Tibial nerve
Tibialis posterior palpation key
Locate the medial malleolus, then slide posteriorly and proximally. Resist inversion.
Fibularis brevis origin
Distal two thirds of the lateral fibula
Fibularis brevis insertion
Tuberosity of the fifth metatarsal
Fibularis brevis actions
Evert the foot at the subtalar joint, assist to plantarflex the foot at the talocrural joint.
Fibularis brevis innervation
Superficial fibular nerve
Fibularis brevis palpation key
Side-lying, resist eversion
Popliteus oirigin
Lateral condyle of the femur
Popliteus insertion
Proximal, posterior aspect of the tibia
Popliteus actions
Medially rotate the flexed knee and flex the knee
Popliteus innervation
Tibial nerve
Popliteus palpation key
Prone with the knee flexed. Locate the tibial tuberosity and slide medially. Curl the fingers onto the posterior shaft of the tibia.
Plantaris origin
Lateral supracondylar line of the femur
Plantaris insertion
Calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon
Plantaris Actions
Weak plantarflexion of the ankle and weak flexion of the knee
Plantaris innervation
Tibial nerve
Plantaris palpation key
Prone with knee flexed, feel above the gatroc heads, moving lateral to medial.
Muscles which plantarflex the talocrural joint
Gastrocnemius, soleus, tibialis posterior, fibularis longus and brevis, plantaris
Muscles which dorsiflex the talocrural joint
Tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus
Muscles which invert the foot
Tibialis anterior and posterior
Muscles which evert the foot
Fibularis longus and brevis, extensor digitorum longus
Tibialis anterior origin
Lateral condyle of the tibia, proximal lateral surface of the tibia and the interosseous membrane.
Tibialis anterior insertion
Medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal
Tibialis anterior actions
Invert the foot and dorsiflex the ankle.
Tibialis anterior innervation
Deep fibular nerve
Fibularis longus origin
Head of the fibula and proximal two thirds of the lateral fibula.
Fibularis longus insertion
Base of the first metatarsal and the medial cuneiform
Fibularis longus actions
Evert the foot and assist to plantarflex the ankle.
Fibularis longus innervation
Superficial fibular nerve
Extensor digitorum longus origin
Lateral condyle of the tibia, proximal anterior shaft of the fibular, interosseous membrane.
Extensor digitorum longus insertion
Middle and distal phalanges of the second through fifth toes.
Extensor digitorum longus actions
Extend the toes, dorsiflex the ankle and evert the foot.
Extensor digitorum longus innervation
Deep fibular nerve
Flexor hallucis longus origin
Middle half of the posterior fibula
Flexor hallucis longus insertion
Distal phalanx of the first toe
Flexor hallucis lungus actions
Flex the first toe, invert the foot and weakly plantarflex the ankle
Flexor hallucis longus innervation
Tibial nerve
Extensor hallucis longus origin
Middle, anterior surface of the fibula and interosseous membrane
Extensor hallucis longus insertion
Distal phalanx of the first toe
Extensor hallucis longus actions
Extend the first toe, dorsiflex the ankle and invert the foot.
Extensor hallucis longus innervation
Deep fibular nerve
Flexor digitorum longus origin
Middle, posterior surface of the tibia
Flexor digitorum longus insertion
Distal phalanges of the second through fifth toes
Flexor digitorum longus actions
Flex the second through fifth toes, invert the foot and wekaly plantarflex the ankle.
Flexor digitorum longus innervation
Tibial nerve
