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Patho 2 Final MSK > Lower Leg > Flashcards

Lower Leg Flashcards

1
Q

what is in superficial fascia of lower limb

A

Saphenous veins (great and small)
Lymphatics and nodes
Fat and CT

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2
Q

what is purpose of deep fascia lata of lower limb?

A

covers thigh muscles including gluteals

assists in venous return

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3
Q

Femoral Canal travels under the ____

A

inguinal ligament

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4
Q

lateral to medial contents of femoral canal

A

Femoral N, A, V and inguinal lymph node chain

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5
Q

_____ branches off after passing thorugh femoral canal

A

saphenous vein

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6
Q

what are 3 main nerves of lower leg

A

obturatior (from L plexus)
femoral ( L plexus)
Sciatic (sacral plexus)

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7
Q

all motor and almost all sensory below knee innervated by___

A

sciatic

however saphenous n. carries some sensory here

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8
Q

lumbar plexus forms the ____

A

femoral n. anterior

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9
Q

lumbar plexus serves the

A

anterior compartment of the thigh

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10
Q

lumbar plexus is

A

L2,3, 4

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11
Q

what does lumbosacral plexus form?

A

posterior portion of sciatic n.

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12
Q

what does lumbosacral plexus supply?

A

posterior compartments of thigh AND lower leg

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13
Q

what is “retractor” nerve injury

A

stretch / compression of pelvic nerves:

femoral, obturator, genitofemoral

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14
Q

positioning nerve injury with lateral leg pressure

A

fibular n. compression

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15
Q

what does femoral artery travel through?

A

adductor canal

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16
Q

femoral artery changes name to ____ as it enters the ___ fossa

A

popliteal (artery)

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17
Q

obturator artery is a branch off of what?

A

the anterior division of the internal iliac artery

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18
Q

obturator artery travels through what?

A

obturator foramen and gives blood supply to adductor muscles and to the femoral head collaterally

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19
Q

— is the cannulation site for cardiac procedures

A

femoral triangle

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20
Q

lower leg has a ___ compartment in addition to ant and post and
upper leg has a ___ compartment in addition to ant and post

A

lower leg has: medial compartment

upper leg has a: lateral compartment

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21
Q

muscles of lower leg ant. compartment

A

anterior tibialis, extensor digitorum longus, peroneus brevis
digitorum longus? and tibialis postioer muscle and flexor halliucis muscle

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22
Q

lateral ll compartment muscles

A

peroneus longus muscle

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23
Q

posterior compartment

A

gastrocnemius muscle, soleus muscle

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24
Q

nerve of anterior compartment

A

deep fibular nerve

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25
n. superficial and deep post
tibial n.
26
n. of lateral compartment
superficial peroneal n
27
sural n. braches off
tibal and common fibular n.
28
tom dick and harry muscles live in
deep posterior compartment lower leg
29
ticep surae, gastroc, soleus and plataris live
superficial post comp
30
fibularis longus and fibularis brevis live
lat compartment
31
peroneal n aka
superficial nerve
32
syndesmosis flexibility depends on
length of fibers
33
synarthrosis phiarthrosis
immovable joint
34
amphiarthroses
slightly movable joints
35
diarthroses
freely movable joints
36
4 possible joint structures
bony fusions, fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial
37
2 kinds of cartilaginous jts
synchondroses, sympheses
38
cartilaginous joints do not have
a joint cavity they are 2 bones that articulate with cartilage
39
syncondroses
epiphyseal plate | first rib and manubrium
40
symphysis
intervertebral discs | pubic symphesis
41
synovial joint has
hyaline art. cartilage joint cavity with synovial fluid jt capsule 2 layers (outer: fibrous cap, inner: synovial membrane) supporting ligaments nerves blood vessels
42
what does a articular capsule line?
areas of jt that are not covered by cartilage
43
synovial fluid is ___ filtrate full of ___
blood filtrate with glycoproteins
44
role of synovial fluid
lubricate joint and nourishes cartilage
45
where do joint blood rge capillary supply come from?
vessels from overlying muscles | large capillary beds present in synovial membrane - similar to choroid
46
joint nerves sense
pain and stretch
47
ligaments can only stretch ___ before they tear and once they...
6% before tear. once stretched stay stretched
48
synovial goints do...
gliding, angular mvmts, rotation etc.
49
plane joint
knee - femur and patella - gliding
50
hing joint
knee - femur and tibia - biaxial
51
pivot joint
C1 and C2
52
condyloid jt
elbow?
53
saddle
thumb?
54
ball and socket
glenohumeral
55
3 ligaments on femur head
iliofemoral, pubofemoral, ischiofemoral
56
ligament teres
head of femur into acetabulum | also carries its artery (medial femoral circumflex? )
57
___largest and most complex jt we have
knee joint .. at least dozen bursa!
58
acl inserts on the
anterior intercondylar area to lateral condyle femur
59
pcl
post intercondylar to medial condyle femur
60
tarsus is..
cluster of 7 bones between tibial and metatarsals
61
7 bones of tarsus
calcaneus, talus, cuboid, navicular, cuneiform
62
during walking.. talus distributes about half the weight to the ____ the rest to the other tarsal bones
calcaneous
63
distal tib/ fib jt has no..
true motion - ligaments hold together
64
talocrural jt is
lateral and medial mallelos and talus | plantar and dorsiflexion
65
hind foot jts..
subtalar jt: talus and calcaneus: inversion and eversion
66
medial ligament of hindfoot
deltoid ligament
67
bones of mid foot
navicular cuboid and 3 cuniformes
68
inernal arch aka
longitudinal medial and alteral
69
transverse arch
anterior arch
70
plantar aponeurosis helps maintain the __ arch
the medial longitudinal arch of foot
71
transverse arch formed by ___
5 metatarsal bones
72
plantar fasciitis aka
stone branch
73
risk factors for plantar fascitis
female, overweight, inflex calf muscles, flat or high arches
74
flexor retinaculum
located on medial aspect of heel
75
extensor retinaculum
superior and inferior - around top of ankle and early post talus/ calcenus

Patho 2 Final MSK (4 decks)

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