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Canadian Boards > Lower Extremity Muscles > Flashcards

Lower Extremity Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

What nerve innervates the Piriformis

A

S1 S2

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2
Q

What is the function of the Piriformis

A

Laterally rotates the extended Femur

Abducts the flexed femur

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3
Q

What nerve innervated the Obturator internus muscle

A

Nerve to obturator internus (L5 S1)

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4
Q

What is the function of the Obturator internus muscle

A

Laterally rotate the extended femur

Abducts the flexed femur

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5
Q

What nerve innervated the gemellus superior muscle

A

Nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1)

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6
Q

What is the function of the gemellus superior muscle

A

Laterally rotate the extended femur

Abducts the flexed femur

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7
Q

What nerve innervates the gemellus inferior muscle

A

Nerve to quadratus femoris (L5, S1)

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8
Q

What is the function of the gemellus inferior muscle

A

Laterally rotate the extended femur

Abducts flexed femur

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9
Q

What nerve innervates the Quadratus femorus

A

Nerve to quadratus femorus (L5, S1)

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10
Q

What is the function of the Quadratus Femorus

A

Laterally rotate femur

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11
Q

What is the nerve that innervates the Gluteus Minimus

A

Superior Gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)

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12
Q

What is the function of the Gluteus Minimus

A

ABdduts femur
Holds pelvis secure over stance leg (prevent pelvic drop)
Medially rotate thigh

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13
Q

What nerve innervates the Gluteus Medius

A

Superior Gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)

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14
Q

What is the function of the Gluteus medius

A

ABdduts femur
Holds pelvis secure over stance leg (prevent pelvic drop)
Medially rotate thigh

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15
Q

That nerve innervates the Gluteus maximus

A

Inferior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S2)

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16
Q

What is the function of Gluteus Maximus

A

Powerful extensor of flexed femur
Lateral stabilizer of the hip
Laterally rotate and abducts thigh

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17
Q

What nerve innervates the tensor fasciae latae

A

Superior Gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)

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18
Q

What is the function of the tensor fasciae latae

A

Stabilize the knee in extenstion

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19
Q

What muscle divides the greater sciatic foramen into two parts

A

The Piriformis (vessels pass above, below or through this muscle, and can be the cause of sciatica like symptoms)

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20
Q

What nerve innervates the Psoas Major

A

Anterior rami of L1 L2 L3

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21
Q

What is the function of the Psoas Major

A

Flexexs the thigh at the hip

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22
Q

What nerve innervates the illiacus

A

Femoral nerve L2 L3

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23
Q

What is the function of the illiacus

A

Flexes the thigh at the hip

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24
Q

What nerve innervates the Vastus medialis muscle

A

Femoral nerve L2 L3 L4

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25
Q

What is the function of the illiacus

A

Extend leg at the knee

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26
Q

What nerve innervates the Vastus medialis muscle

A

Femoral nerve L2 L3 L4

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27
Q

What is the function of the Vastus medialis muscle

A

Extends leg at the knee

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28
Q

What nerve innervates the Vastus intermedius

A

Femoral nerve L2 L3 L4

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29
Q

What is the function of the vastus intermedius

A

Extends leg at the knee

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30
Q

What never innervates the vastus lateralis

A

Femoral nerve L2 L3 L4

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31
Q

What is the function of the vastus lateralis

A

Extends the leg at the knee

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32
Q

What nerve innervates the Rectus femoris

A

Femoral nerve L2 L3 L4

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33
Q

What is the function of the rectus femoris

A

Extends the leg at the knee

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34
Q

What nerve innervates the Sartorius

A

Femoral nerve L2 L3

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35
Q

What is the function of the Sartorius

A

Flexes the thigh at the hop and flexes the leg at the knee

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36
Q

What muscles make up the Gluteal region

A 
Pirifomris
Obturator internus
Gemellus Superior
Gemellus inferior
Quadratus femoris
Gluteus minimus
Gluteus medius
Gluteus Maximus
Tensor Fasciae Latae
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37
Q

What muscles make up the anterior thigh

A 
Psoas major
Illiacus
Vastus Medialis
Vastus Lateralis
Vastus intermedius
Rectus femoris
Sartorius
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38
Q

What muscles make up the Medial thigh

A 
Gracillis
Pectineus
Adductor longus
Adductor brevis
Adductor magnus
Obturator externus
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39
Q

What nerve innervates the Gracilis

A

Obturator nerve L2 L3

40
Q

What is the function of the Gracilis

A

Adducts the thigh at huip

Flexes leg at knee

41
Q

What nerve innervates the Pectineus

A

Femoral nerve L2 L3

42
Q

What is the function of the pectineus

A

Adducts and flexes thigh at the hip joint

43
Q

What nerve innervates the adductor longus

A

Obturator nerve L2 L3 L4

44
Q

What is the function of the adductor longus

A

Adducts and medially rotates thigh at hip

45
Q

What nerve innervates the adductor brevis

A

obturator nerve L2 L3

46
Q

What is the function of the adductor brevis

A

Adducts and medially rotates thigh at hip joint

47
Q

What nerve innervates the adductor magnus (adductor part)

A

Obturator nerve L2 L3 L4

48
Q

What is the function of the adductor portion of the adductor magnus

A

Adducts and medially rotates the thigh

49
Q

What nerve innervates the adductor magnus (Hamstring part)

A

Sciatic nerve L2 L3 L4

50
Q

What is the function of the hamstring portion of the adductor magnus

A

Adducts and medially rotates the thigh

51
Q

What nerve innervates the obturator externus

A

Obturator nerve (L3 L4)

52
Q

What is the function of the obturator externus

A

Laterally rotates thigh

53
Q

What muscles make up the posterior thigh

A

Biceps femoris
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus

54
Q

What nerve innervates the Biceps femoris

A

Sciatic nerve L5 S1 S2

55
Q

What is the function of the biceps femoris

A

Flexes leg at knee
Extends and laterally rotates thigh
Laterally rotates leg at knee

56
Q

What nerve innervates the Semitendinosus

A

Sciatic nerve L5 S1 S2

57
Q

What is the function of the semitendinosus

A

Flexes leg at knee
Extends thigh at hip
Medially rotates thigh and leg

58
Q

What nerve innervates the semimembranosus

A

Sciatic nerve L5 S1 S2

59
Q

What is the function of the semimembranosus

A

Flexes leg at knee and extends thigh

Medially rotate thigh and leg

60
Q

What muscles make up the superficial compartment of the posterior leg

A

Gastrocnemius
Plantaris
Soleus

61
Q

What nerve innervates the Gastrocnemius

A

Tibial nerve S1 S2

62
Q

What is the function of the gastrocnemius

A

Plantar flexes foot and flexes knee

63
Q

What nerve innervates the Plantaris

A

Tibial nerve S1 S2

64
Q

What is the function of the Plantaris

A

Plantar flexes foot and flexes knee

65
Q

What nerve innervates the soleus

A

Tibial nerve S1 S2

66
Q

What is the function of the Soleus

A

Plantar flexes foot

67
Q

What muscles make up the Deep compartment of the posterior leg

A

Popliteus
Flexor Hallucis longus
Flexor digitorum longus
Tibialis posterior

68
Q

What nerve innervates the popliteus

A

Tibial nerve L4 S1

69
Q

What is the function of the popliteus

A

Stabilize knee joint

Lateral rotation of tibia

70
Q

What nerve innervates the Flexor Hallucis longus

A

Tibial nerve S2 S3

71
Q

What is the function of the flexor Hallucis longus

A

Flexes great toe

72
Q

What nerve innervates the Flexor digitorum longus

A

Tibial nerve S2 S3

73
Q

What is the function of the Flexor Digitorum longus

A

Flexes lateral 4 toes (2-5)

74
Q

What nerve innervates the Tibialis posterior

A

Tibial nerve S2 S3

75
Q

What is the function of the tibialis posterior

A

Inversion and plantarflextion of foot

Support medial arch of foot when walking

76
Q

What muscles make up the lateral leg

A

Fibularis longus

Fibularis Brevis

77
Q

What nerve innervates the Fibularis Longus

A

Superficial fibular nerve L5 S1 S2

78
Q

What is the function of the fibularis longus

A

Eversion and plantarflexion of foot

Supports arches of foot

79
Q

What nerve innervates the fibularis Brevis

A

Superficial fibular nerve L5 S1 S2

80
Q

What is the funciton of the fibularis Brevis

A

Eversion of the foot

81
Q

What muscles make up the anterior leg

A

Tibialis anterior
Extensor hallucis longus
Extensor digitorum longus
Fibularis tertius

82
Q

What nerve innervates the tibialis anterior

A

Deep fibular nerve L4 L5

83
Q

What is the function of the tibialis anterior

A

Dorsiflexion of foot and ankle
Inversion of foot
Support of medial arch

84
Q

What nerve innervates the Extensor Hallucis Longus

A

Deep fibular nerve L5 S1

85
Q

What is the function of the extensor hallucis longus

A

Extension of the great toe

dorsiflexion of foot

86
Q

What nerve innervates the extensor digtorum longus

A

Deep fibular nerve L5 S1

87
Q

What is the function of the extensor digitorum longus

A

Extend lateral 4 toes (2-5)

88
Q

What nerve innervates the fibularis tertius

A

Deep fibular nerve (L5 S1)

89
Q

What is the function of the Fibularis tertius

A

Dorsiflexion and eversion of foot

90
Q

What muscles make of the dorsal aspect of the foot

A

Extensor Digitorum brevis

Extensor Hallucis brevis

91
Q

What nerve innervates the extensor digitorum brevis

A

Deep Fibular nerve S1 S2

92
Q

What is the function of the extensor digitorum brevis

A

Extension of toes 2-5

93
Q

What never innevates the extensor Hallucis brevis

A

Deep fibular nerve S1 S2

94
Q

What is the function of the extensor Hallucis brevis

A

Extension of mp joint of great toe

95
Q

What muscles make up the sole of the foot

A 
Abductor hallucis
Flexor digtorum brevis
Abductor digiti minimi
Quadratus Plantae
Lumbricals
Flexor Hallucis brevis
Adductor Hallucis
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
Dorsal interossei
Plantar interossei

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