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Myology, osteology, arthrology > Lower Extremity Muscles > Flashcards

Lower Extremity Muscles Flashcards

0
Q 
Gluteus medius (major internal rotator), and
Gluteus minimus
Origin
Insertion
Action
Nerve
Blood supply
A 
O.   External ilium, between ant and post gluteal lines
I.     Greater trochanter of femur
Act. Abducts
N.   Superior gluteal nerve
A.    Superior gluteal artery
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1
Q 
Gluteus Maximus
Origin
Insertion
Action 
Nerve
Arteries
A

O. posterior iliac crest, edge of sacrum and coccyx
I. Gluteal tuberosity on femur and IT band
Act. Extension
N. Inferior gluteal
A. Superior and inferior gluteal artery

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2
Q 
Piriformis 
O
I
K
N
A
A 
Major external rotator
O    anterior edge of sacrum
I.     Greater trochanter
K.   External rotation
      Horizontal abduction of hip when knee is flexed
N.  Piriformis n
A.  Superior and inferior gluteal a.
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3
Q 
Superior gemellus
O
I
K
N
A
A 
Sciatic nerve between superior gemellus and
piriformis.
O. Ischial spine
I.   Greater trochanter
K. External rotation, horizontal abduction of hip,
    if knee flexed
N. Nerve to obturator
A. Inferior a
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4
Q 
Obturator internus
O
I
K
N
A
A

O. Internal edges of obturator foramen
I. Greater trochanter
K. External rotator, horizontal abduction of hip,
if knee is flexed
N. Obturator nerve
A. Obturator artery, superior and Inferior gluteal

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5
Q 
Inferior gemellus
O
I
K
N
A
A 
O.  Ischial tuberosity
I.   Greater trochanter
K.  External rotation, horizontal abduction of hip,
      if knee is flexed
N.  Quadratus femoris n.
A.  Inferior gluteal, obturator a.
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6
Q 
Obturator externus
O
I
K
N
A
A 
O.  External edges of rim of obturator foramen
I.   Trochanteric fossa
K.  External rotation of hip
N.  Obturator n
A.  Obturator a
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7
Q 
Biceps femoris
O
I
K
N
A
A 
O.  Long head- Ischial tuberosity
     Short head- linea aspera
I.   Lateral tibia condyle, head of fibula
K.  Flexes knee (long head only)
     Extends hip
     Posterior pelvic tilt
N   Sciatic
A.  Inferior gluteal a
     Obturator a
     Deep femoral a
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8
Q 
Quadratus femoris
O
I
K
N
A
A 
O.  Ischial tuberosity, lat border
I.   Intertrochanteric crest
K.  Lateral rotation 
N.  Quadratus femoris n
A.  Inferior gluteal a, obturator a.
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9
Q 
Semitendinosus
O
I
K
N
A
A 
O.  Ischial tuberosity
I.   Anterior medial tibia via pes anserine tendon
K.  Flexes knee
     Extends hip
     Posterior pelvic tilt
N. Sciatic n
A. Inferior gluteal
    Obturator a
     Deep femoral a
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10
Q 
Semimembranosus 
O
I
K
N
A
A 
O.  Ischial tuberosity
I.    Medial tibial condyle, posterior surface
K.  Flexes knee
     Extends hip 
     Posterior pelvic tilt
N.  Sciatic n
A.  Inferior gluteal a
      Obturator a
      Deep femoral a
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11
Q

IT band
O
I

A

O. Lateral iliac crest

I. Lateral tibial condyle and patella

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12
Q 
Tensor fascia latae
O
I
K
N
A
A 
O. ASIS
I.   IT band, upper 1/3 
K. Flexion of hip
    Abduction of hip
    Internal rotation of hip
    Anterior pelvic tilt
N  superior gluteal n
A. Superior gluteal a
    Deep femoral a
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13
Q

Tensor fascia latae

OIKNA

A 
O.  ASIS
I.    IT band, prox 1/3 way down
K.   Flexes hip jt
      abducts hip jt
      medically rotates hip jt
      anterior pelvic tilt
N.   Superior gluteal n
A.   Superior gluteal a
       deep femoral a
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14
Q

Sartorius

OIKNA

A 
O. ASIS
I.   Medial tibia via pes anserine
K.  Flexes hip jt
     Abducts hip
      Laterally rotates hip
      Flexes knee jt
      Anteriorly rotates pelvis
N.   Femoral n
A.   Femoral a
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15
Q

Rectus femoris

OIKNA

A 
O.  ASIS
I.    Tibial tuberosity via patellar lig
K.   Flexes hip jt
      Extends knee jt
      Anterior pelvic tilt
N    Femoral n
A.   Femoral a
      Deep femoral a
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16
Q

Vastus lateralis

OIKNA

A 
O.  Lateral lip of linea aspera 
I.    Tibial tuberosity via patellar lig
K.  Extension of knee
      Some lateral rotation
N.  Femoral n
A.  Femoral a, deep femoral, popliteal a
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17
Q

Vastus medialis

OIKNA

A 
O.  Medial lip of line aspera 
I.    Tibial tuberosity via patellar lig
K.   Extension of knee
       Some medial rotation
N.   Femoral n
A.   Femoral a
18
Q

Vastus intermedius

OIKNA

A 
O.  Lateral lip of linea aspera and anterior shaft
I.    Tibial tuberosity via patellar lig
K.   Extension of knee
N.   Femoral n
A.   Deep femoral a
19
Q

Articularis genu

OIKNA

A

O. Distal anterior shaft of femur
I. Joint capsule of knee jt and patella
K. Pulls knee capsule and patella proximally,
Assisting in knee jt extension
N. Femoral n
A. Deep Femoral a

20
Q

Pectineus

OIKNA

A 
Adductor
O. Pectineal line of pubis
I.   Pectineal line of femur
K. Adducts hip jt
     Flexes
     Anterior pelvic tilt
N. Femoral n
A.  Femoral a
     Deep femoral a
     Obturator a
21
Q

Adductor longus

OIKNA

A 
Adductor
O. Pubis
I.   Medial lip of linea aspera
K.  Adducts hip
     Flexes hip
     Anterior pelvic tilt
N.  Obturator n
A.  Obturator a
      Deep femoral a
      Femoral a
22
Q

Gracilis

OIKNA

A 
Adductor
O. Anterior pubis and inferior ramus
I.   Pes anserine, medial tibia
K.  Adducts hip
     Flexes hip
     Anterior pelvic tilt
N.  Obturator n
A.  Deep femoral a
     Obturator a
23
Q

Adductor brevis

OIKNA

A 
Adductor
O. Pubis (inferior mass)
I.   Linea aspera, prox 1/3
K.  Adducts hip
     Flexes hip
     Anterior pelvic tilt
N. Obturator n
A.  Deep femoral a
     Obturator a
      Femoral a
24
Q

Adductor Magnus

OIKNA

A 
Adductor, largest and deepest
O.  Ant head: infer. Pubic ramus and Ischial ramus
      Post. Head: Ischial tuberosity 
I.    Gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, 
       Supracondylar line, adductor tubercle
K.   Adducts hip
      Extends hip
      Posterior pelvic tilt
N.   Ant: Obturator n
      Post:  sciatic n
A.   Ant: Deep femoral a
              Obturator a
              Femoral a
      Post: Deep femoral a
                Obturator a
                Inferior gluteal a
                Popliteal a
25
Q

Tibialis anterior

OIKNA

A 
Anterior compartment 
O.  Lateral condyle of anterior tibia and
       prox 2/3 of interosseus membrane
I.    Medial surface of 1st cuneiform and
      1st metatarsal
K.  Dorsiflexes foot
      Inverts foot
N.   Deep fibular n
A.   Anterior tibial artery
26
Q

Extensor hallucis longus

OIKNA

A 
Anterior compartment
O.  Middle1/3 of anterior fibula and
       interosseus membrane 
I.    Distal phalanx of digit 1, dorsal surface
K.   Extends at MTP and IP jt of digit 1
      Dorsiflexes foot
       Inverts foot
N.   Deep fibular n
A.   Anterior tibial n
27
Q

Extensor digitorum longus

OIKNA

A 
Anterior compartment
O.  Lateral condyle of tibia
      Anterior 2/3 fibula
      Interosseous membrane
I.    Middle and distal phalanges of digits 2-5, 
      via dorsal digital expansion
K.   Extends digits 2-5 @ MTP, PIP, and DIP jts.
      Dorsiflexes foot
      Everts foot
N.   Deep fibular n
A.   Anterior tibial a
28
Q

Fibularis tertius

OIKNA

A

Anterior compartment
O. Distal 1/3 fibula and Interosseous membrane
I. Metatarsal of digit 5, dorsal surface
K. Dorsiflexes foot
Everts foot
N. Deep fibular n
A. Anterior tibial a

29
Q

Fibularis longus

OIKNA

A 
Lateral compartment
O.  Head and prox 1/2 of lateral fibula
I.    1st cuneiform and 1st metatarsal, 
      dorsal surface (hooks around cuboid)
K.  Plantarflexes foot
      Everts foot
N.  Superficial fibular n
A.   Fibular a
30
Q

Fibularis brevis

OIKNA

A 
O.  Distal 1/2 of lateral fibula
I.    Lateral base of 5th metatarsal
K.   Plantarflexes foot
      Everts foot
N.  Superficial fibular n
A.   Fibular a
31
Q

Extensor digitorum brevis

OIKNA

A

Dorsal surface muscle
O. Dorsal calcaneus
I. Middle and distal phalanges digits 2-4,
merging with extensor digitorum longus, via
dorsal digital expansion
K. Extends MTP, PIP, and DIP jts of digits 2-4
N. Deep fibular n
A. Dorsal pedis a

32
Q

Soleus

OIKNA

A 
Superficial posterior compartment
O.  Soleal line of tibia plus
      Head and prox 1/3 of post fibula
I.    Calcaneus via Achilles' tendon
K.   Plantarflexes foot
N.   Tibial n
A.   Popliteal a
33
Q

Gastrocnemius

OIKNA

A 
Superficial posterior compartment 
O.  2 heads-medial condyle of post femur
                   -lateral condyle of post femur
I.    Calcaneus via Achilles' tendon 
K.  Flexes knee
      Plantar flexes foot
N.  Tibial n
A.   Popliteal a
34
Q

Extensor hallucis brevis

OIKNA

A 
Dorsal surface muscle
O.  Dorsal calcaneus
I.    Prox phalanx of digit 1
K.  Extends MTP jt of digit 1
N.  Deep fibular
A.  Dorsal pedis a
35
Q

Abductor hallucis

OIKNA

A

Plantar surface muscle, layer 1
O. Calcaneal tuberosity (and plantar fascia)
I. Prox phalanx of digit 1, medial plantar surface
K. Abducts @ MTP jt
N. Medial plantar n
A. Medial plantar a

36
Q

Abductor digiti minimi pedis

OIKNA

A

Plantar surface muscle, layer 1
O. Calcaneal tuberosity (and plantar fascia)
I. Prox phalanx digit 5 (lateral plantar surface)
K. Abducts digit 5 at MTP jt
N. Lateral plantar n
A. Lateral plantar a

37
Q

Flexor digitorum brevis

OIKNA

A

Plantar surface muscle, layer 1
O. Calcaneal tuberosity
I. Middle phalanges of digits 2-5
(With forks extending to distal digits)
K. Flexes digits 2-5 @ MTP and PIP jts
N. Medial plantar n
A. Medial and lateral plantar a

38
Q

Quadratus plantae

OIKNA

A

Plantar surface muscle, layer 2
O. Medial and lateral aspects of calcaneus
I. Tendon of flexor digitorum longus
K. Corrects pull of flexor digitorum longus
Flexes digits 2-5 at MTP, PIP, DIP jts
N. Lateral plantar n
A. Medial and lateral plantar a

39
Q

Lumbricals pedis

OIKNA

A

Plantar surface muscles, layer 2
O & A: 4 lumbricals, from flexor digitorum longus
to extensor digitorum longus
2-2, 2&3-3, 3&4-4, 4&5-5
K. Flexes digits 2-5 @ MTP jts,
Extends digits 2-5 @ PIP and DIP jts
N. Medial and lateral plantar n
A. Medial and lateral plantar a,
and plantar arch

40
Q

Flexor hallucis brevis

A 
Plantar surface muscle, 3rd layer
O.  Cuboid and 3rd cuneiform
I.    Prox phalanx of digit 1, through sesamoids
K.   Flexes digit 1 at MTP jt
N.   Medial n
A.   Medial a
41
Q

Flexor digiti minimi pedis

A 
Plantar surface muscle, 3rd layer
O.  5th metatarsal and fibularis longus tendon
I.    Prox phalanx of digit 5
K.  Flexes digit 5 at MTP jt
N.  Lateral plantar n
A.  Lateral plantar a
42
Q

ADDuctor hallucis

A

Plantar surface, layer 3
O. 2 heads:
Oblique- fibularis longus tendon and
metatarsal bases of digits 2-4
Transverse- Metatarsalphalangeal ligs
I. Base of prox phalanx, digit 1, lateral aspect
K. Adducts @ MTP jt of digit 1
N. Lateral plantar n
A. Plantar arch

Myology, osteology, arthrology (4 decks)

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