Lower Extremity Muscles Flashcards

0
Q
Gluteus medius (major internal rotator), and
Gluteus minimus
Origin
Insertion
Action
Nerve
Blood supply
A
O.   External ilium, between ant and post gluteal lines
I.     Greater trochanter of femur
Act. Abducts
N.   Superior gluteal nerve
A.    Superior gluteal artery
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q
Gluteus Maximus
Origin
Insertion
Action 
Nerve
Arteries
A

O. posterior iliac crest, edge of sacrum and coccyx
I. Gluteal tuberosity on femur and IT band
Act. Extension
N. Inferior gluteal
A. Superior and inferior gluteal artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q
Piriformis 
O
I
K
N
A
A
Major external rotator
O    anterior edge of sacrum
I.     Greater trochanter
K.   External rotation
      Horizontal abduction of hip when knee is flexed
N.  Piriformis n
A.  Superior and inferior gluteal a.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q
Superior gemellus
O
I
K
N
A
A
Sciatic nerve between superior gemellus and
piriformis.
O. Ischial spine
I.   Greater trochanter
K. External rotation, horizontal abduction of hip,
    if knee flexed
N. Nerve to obturator
A. Inferior a
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q
Obturator internus
O
I
K
N
A
A

O. Internal edges of obturator foramen
I. Greater trochanter
K. External rotator, horizontal abduction of hip,
if knee is flexed
N. Obturator nerve
A. Obturator artery, superior and Inferior gluteal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q
Inferior gemellus
O
I
K
N
A
A
O.  Ischial tuberosity
I.   Greater trochanter
K.  External rotation, horizontal abduction of hip,
      if knee is flexed
N.  Quadratus femoris n.
A.  Inferior gluteal, obturator a.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q
Obturator externus
O
I
K
N
A
A
O.  External edges of rim of obturator foramen
I.   Trochanteric fossa
K.  External rotation of hip
N.  Obturator n
A.  Obturator a
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q
Biceps femoris
O
I
K
N
A
A
O.  Long head- Ischial tuberosity
     Short head- linea aspera
I.   Lateral tibia condyle, head of fibula
K.  Flexes knee (long head only)
     Extends hip
     Posterior pelvic tilt
N   Sciatic
A.  Inferior gluteal a
     Obturator a
     Deep femoral a
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q
Quadratus femoris
O
I
K
N
A
A
O.  Ischial tuberosity, lat border
I.   Intertrochanteric crest
K.  Lateral rotation 
N.  Quadratus femoris n
A.  Inferior gluteal a, obturator a.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q
Semitendinosus
O
I
K
N
A
A
O.  Ischial tuberosity
I.   Anterior medial tibia via pes anserine tendon
K.  Flexes knee
     Extends hip
     Posterior pelvic tilt
N. Sciatic n
A. Inferior gluteal
    Obturator a
     Deep femoral a
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q
Semimembranosus 
O
I
K
N
A
A
O.  Ischial tuberosity
I.    Medial tibial condyle, posterior surface
K.  Flexes knee
     Extends hip 
     Posterior pelvic tilt
N.  Sciatic n
A.  Inferior gluteal a
      Obturator a
      Deep femoral a
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

IT band
O
I

A

O. Lateral iliac crest

I. Lateral tibial condyle and patella

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q
Tensor fascia latae
O
I
K
N
A
A
O. ASIS
I.   IT band, upper 1/3 
K. Flexion of hip
    Abduction of hip
    Internal rotation of hip
    Anterior pelvic tilt
N  superior gluteal n
A. Superior gluteal a
    Deep femoral a
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Tensor fascia latae

OIKNA

A
O.  ASIS
I.    IT band, prox 1/3 way down
K.   Flexes hip jt
      abducts hip jt
      medically rotates hip jt
      anterior pelvic tilt
N.   Superior gluteal n
A.   Superior gluteal a
       deep femoral a
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Sartorius

OIKNA

A
O. ASIS
I.   Medial tibia via pes anserine
K.  Flexes hip jt
     Abducts hip
      Laterally rotates hip
      Flexes knee jt
      Anteriorly rotates pelvis
N.   Femoral n
A.   Femoral a
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Rectus femoris

OIKNA

A
O.  ASIS
I.    Tibial tuberosity via patellar lig
K.   Flexes hip jt
      Extends knee jt
      Anterior pelvic tilt
N    Femoral n
A.   Femoral a
      Deep femoral a
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Vastus lateralis

OIKNA

A
O.  Lateral lip of linea aspera 
I.    Tibial tuberosity via patellar lig
K.  Extension of knee
      Some lateral rotation
N.  Femoral n
A.  Femoral a, deep femoral, popliteal a
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Vastus medialis

OIKNA

A
O.  Medial lip of line aspera 
I.    Tibial tuberosity via patellar lig
K.   Extension of knee
       Some medial rotation
N.   Femoral n
A.   Femoral a
18
Q

Vastus intermedius

OIKNA

A
O.  Lateral lip of linea aspera and anterior shaft
I.    Tibial tuberosity via patellar lig
K.   Extension of knee
N.   Femoral n
A.   Deep femoral a
19
Q

Articularis genu

OIKNA

A

O. Distal anterior shaft of femur
I. Joint capsule of knee jt and patella
K. Pulls knee capsule and patella proximally,
Assisting in knee jt extension
N. Femoral n
A. Deep Femoral a

20
Q

Pectineus

OIKNA

A
Adductor
O. Pectineal line of pubis
I.   Pectineal line of femur
K. Adducts hip jt
     Flexes
     Anterior pelvic tilt
N. Femoral n
A.  Femoral a
     Deep femoral a
     Obturator a
21
Q

Adductor longus

OIKNA

A
Adductor
O. Pubis
I.   Medial lip of linea aspera
K.  Adducts hip
     Flexes hip
     Anterior pelvic tilt
N.  Obturator n
A.  Obturator a
      Deep femoral a
      Femoral a
22
Q

Gracilis

OIKNA

A
Adductor
O. Anterior pubis and inferior ramus
I.   Pes anserine, medial tibia
K.  Adducts hip
     Flexes hip
     Anterior pelvic tilt
N.  Obturator n
A.  Deep femoral a
     Obturator a
23
Q

Adductor brevis

OIKNA

A
Adductor
O. Pubis (inferior mass)
I.   Linea aspera, prox 1/3
K.  Adducts hip
     Flexes hip
     Anterior pelvic tilt
N. Obturator n
A.  Deep femoral a
     Obturator a
      Femoral a
24
Q

Adductor Magnus

OIKNA

A
Adductor, largest and deepest
O.  Ant head: infer. Pubic ramus and Ischial ramus
      Post. Head: Ischial tuberosity 
I.    Gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, 
       Supracondylar line, adductor tubercle
K.   Adducts hip
      Extends hip
      Posterior pelvic tilt
N.   Ant: Obturator n
      Post:  sciatic n
A.   Ant: Deep femoral a
              Obturator a
              Femoral a
      Post: Deep femoral a
                Obturator a
                Inferior gluteal a
                Popliteal a
25
Q

Tibialis anterior

OIKNA

A
Anterior compartment 
O.  Lateral condyle of anterior tibia and
       prox 2/3 of interosseus membrane
I.    Medial surface of 1st cuneiform and
      1st metatarsal
K.  Dorsiflexes foot
      Inverts foot
N.   Deep fibular n
A.   Anterior tibial artery
26
Q

Extensor hallucis longus

OIKNA

A
Anterior compartment
O.  Middle1/3 of anterior fibula and
       interosseus membrane 
I.    Distal phalanx of digit 1, dorsal surface
K.   Extends at MTP and IP jt of digit 1
      Dorsiflexes foot
       Inverts foot
N.   Deep fibular n
A.   Anterior tibial n
27
Q

Extensor digitorum longus

OIKNA

A
Anterior compartment
O.  Lateral condyle of tibia
      Anterior 2/3 fibula
      Interosseous membrane
I.    Middle and distal phalanges of digits 2-5, 
      via dorsal digital expansion
K.   Extends digits 2-5 @ MTP, PIP, and DIP jts.
      Dorsiflexes foot
      Everts foot
N.   Deep fibular n
A.   Anterior tibial a
28
Q

Fibularis tertius

OIKNA

A

Anterior compartment
O. Distal 1/3 fibula and Interosseous membrane
I. Metatarsal of digit 5, dorsal surface
K. Dorsiflexes foot
Everts foot
N. Deep fibular n
A. Anterior tibial a

29
Q

Fibularis longus

OIKNA

A
Lateral compartment
O.  Head and prox 1/2 of lateral fibula
I.    1st cuneiform and 1st metatarsal, 
      dorsal surface (hooks around cuboid)
K.  Plantarflexes foot
      Everts foot
N.  Superficial fibular n
A.   Fibular a
30
Q

Fibularis brevis

OIKNA

A
O.  Distal 1/2 of lateral fibula
I.    Lateral base of 5th metatarsal
K.   Plantarflexes foot
      Everts foot
N.  Superficial fibular n
A.   Fibular a
31
Q

Extensor digitorum brevis

OIKNA

A

Dorsal surface muscle
O. Dorsal calcaneus
I. Middle and distal phalanges digits 2-4,
merging with extensor digitorum longus, via
dorsal digital expansion
K. Extends MTP, PIP, and DIP jts of digits 2-4
N. Deep fibular n
A. Dorsal pedis a

32
Q

Soleus

OIKNA

A
Superficial posterior compartment
O.  Soleal line of tibia plus
      Head and prox 1/3 of post fibula
I.    Calcaneus via Achilles' tendon
K.   Plantarflexes foot
N.   Tibial n
A.   Popliteal a
33
Q

Gastrocnemius

OIKNA

A
Superficial posterior compartment 
O.  2 heads-medial condyle of post femur
                   -lateral condyle of post femur
I.    Calcaneus via Achilles' tendon 
K.  Flexes knee
      Plantar flexes foot
N.  Tibial n
A.   Popliteal a
34
Q

Extensor hallucis brevis

OIKNA

A
Dorsal surface muscle
O.  Dorsal calcaneus
I.    Prox phalanx of digit 1
K.  Extends MTP jt of digit 1
N.  Deep fibular
A.  Dorsal pedis a
35
Q

Abductor hallucis

OIKNA

A

Plantar surface muscle, layer 1
O. Calcaneal tuberosity (and plantar fascia)
I. Prox phalanx of digit 1, medial plantar surface
K. Abducts @ MTP jt
N. Medial plantar n
A. Medial plantar a

36
Q

Abductor digiti minimi pedis

OIKNA

A

Plantar surface muscle, layer 1
O. Calcaneal tuberosity (and plantar fascia)
I. Prox phalanx digit 5 (lateral plantar surface)
K. Abducts digit 5 at MTP jt
N. Lateral plantar n
A. Lateral plantar a

37
Q

Flexor digitorum brevis

OIKNA

A

Plantar surface muscle, layer 1
O. Calcaneal tuberosity
I. Middle phalanges of digits 2-5
(With forks extending to distal digits)
K. Flexes digits 2-5 @ MTP and PIP jts
N. Medial plantar n
A. Medial and lateral plantar a

38
Q

Quadratus plantae

OIKNA

A

Plantar surface muscle, layer 2
O. Medial and lateral aspects of calcaneus
I. Tendon of flexor digitorum longus
K. Corrects pull of flexor digitorum longus
Flexes digits 2-5 at MTP, PIP, DIP jts
N. Lateral plantar n
A. Medial and lateral plantar a

39
Q

Lumbricals pedis

OIKNA

A

Plantar surface muscles, layer 2
O & A: 4 lumbricals, from flexor digitorum longus
to extensor digitorum longus
2-2, 2&3-3, 3&4-4, 4&5-5
K. Flexes digits 2-5 @ MTP jts,
Extends digits 2-5 @ PIP and DIP jts
N. Medial and lateral plantar n
A. Medial and lateral plantar a,
and plantar arch

40
Q

Flexor hallucis brevis

A
Plantar surface muscle, 3rd layer
O.  Cuboid and 3rd cuneiform
I.    Prox phalanx of digit 1, through sesamoids
K.   Flexes digit 1 at MTP jt
N.   Medial n
A.   Medial a
41
Q

Flexor digiti minimi pedis

A
Plantar surface muscle, 3rd layer
O.  5th metatarsal and fibularis longus tendon
I.    Prox phalanx of digit 5
K.  Flexes digit 5 at MTP jt
N.  Lateral plantar n
A.  Lateral plantar a
42
Q

ADDuctor hallucis

A

Plantar surface, layer 3
O. 2 heads:
Oblique- fibularis longus tendon and
metatarsal bases of digits 2-4
Transverse- Metatarsalphalangeal ligs
I. Base of prox phalanx, digit 1, lateral aspect
K. Adducts @ MTP jt of digit 1
N. Lateral plantar n
A. Plantar arch