Lower Extremity Muscles Flashcards
0
Q
Gluteus medius (major internal rotator), and Gluteus minimus Origin Insertion Action Nerve Blood supply
A
O. External ilium, between ant and post gluteal lines I. Greater trochanter of femur Act. Abducts N. Superior gluteal nerve A. Superior gluteal artery
1
Q
Gluteus Maximus Origin Insertion Action Nerve Arteries
A
O. posterior iliac crest, edge of sacrum and coccyx
I. Gluteal tuberosity on femur and IT band
Act. Extension
N. Inferior gluteal
A. Superior and inferior gluteal artery
2
Q
Piriformis O I K N A
A
Major external rotator
O anterior edge of sacrum
I. Greater trochanter
K. External rotation
Horizontal abduction of hip when knee is flexed
N. Piriformis n
A. Superior and inferior gluteal a.
3
Q
Superior gemellus O I K N A
A
Sciatic nerve between superior gemellus and
piriformis.
O. Ischial spine
I. Greater trochanter
K. External rotation, horizontal abduction of hip,
if knee flexed
N. Nerve to obturator
A. Inferior a
4
Q
Obturator internus O I K N A
A
O. Internal edges of obturator foramen
I. Greater trochanter
K. External rotator, horizontal abduction of hip,
if knee is flexed
N. Obturator nerve
A. Obturator artery, superior and Inferior gluteal
5
Q
Inferior gemellus O I K N A
A
O. Ischial tuberosity
I. Greater trochanter
K. External rotation, horizontal abduction of hip,
if knee is flexed
N. Quadratus femoris n.
A. Inferior gluteal, obturator a.
6
Q
Obturator externus O I K N A
A
O. External edges of rim of obturator foramen I. Trochanteric fossa K. External rotation of hip N. Obturator n A. Obturator a
7
Q
Biceps femoris O I K N A
A
O. Long head- Ischial tuberosity
Short head- linea aspera
I. Lateral tibia condyle, head of fibula
K. Flexes knee (long head only)
Extends hip
Posterior pelvic tilt
N Sciatic
A. Inferior gluteal a
Obturator a
Deep femoral a
8
Q
Quadratus femoris O I K N A
A
O. Ischial tuberosity, lat border I. Intertrochanteric crest K. Lateral rotation N. Quadratus femoris n A. Inferior gluteal a, obturator a.
9
Q
Semitendinosus O I K N A
A
O. Ischial tuberosity
I. Anterior medial tibia via pes anserine tendon
K. Flexes knee
Extends hip
Posterior pelvic tilt
N. Sciatic n
A. Inferior gluteal
Obturator a
Deep femoral a
10
Q
Semimembranosus O I K N A
A
O. Ischial tuberosity
I. Medial tibial condyle, posterior surface
K. Flexes knee
Extends hip
Posterior pelvic tilt
N. Sciatic n
A. Inferior gluteal a
Obturator a
Deep femoral a
11
Q
IT band
O
I
A
O. Lateral iliac crest
I. Lateral tibial condyle and patella
12
Q
Tensor fascia latae O I K N A
A
O. ASIS
I. IT band, upper 1/3
K. Flexion of hip
Abduction of hip
Internal rotation of hip
Anterior pelvic tilt
N superior gluteal n
A. Superior gluteal a
Deep femoral a
13
Q
Tensor fascia latae
OIKNA
A
O. ASIS
I. IT band, prox 1/3 way down
K. Flexes hip jt
abducts hip jt
medically rotates hip jt
anterior pelvic tilt
N. Superior gluteal n
A. Superior gluteal a
deep femoral a
14
Q
Sartorius
OIKNA
A
O. ASIS
I. Medial tibia via pes anserine
K. Flexes hip jt
Abducts hip
Laterally rotates hip
Flexes knee jt
Anteriorly rotates pelvis
N. Femoral n
A. Femoral a
15
Q
Rectus femoris
OIKNA
A
O. ASIS
I. Tibial tuberosity via patellar lig
K. Flexes hip jt
Extends knee jt
Anterior pelvic tilt
N Femoral n
A. Femoral a
Deep femoral a
16
Q
Vastus lateralis
OIKNA
A
O. Lateral lip of linea aspera
I. Tibial tuberosity via patellar lig
K. Extension of knee
Some lateral rotation
N. Femoral n
A. Femoral a, deep femoral, popliteal a
17
Q
Vastus medialis
OIKNA
A
O. Medial lip of line aspera
I. Tibial tuberosity via patellar lig
K. Extension of knee
Some medial rotation
N. Femoral n
A. Femoral a
18
Q
Vastus intermedius
OIKNA
A
O. Lateral lip of linea aspera and anterior shaft I. Tibial tuberosity via patellar lig K. Extension of knee N. Femoral n A. Deep femoral a
19
Q
Articularis genu
OIKNA
A
O. Distal anterior shaft of femur
I. Joint capsule of knee jt and patella
K. Pulls knee capsule and patella proximally,
Assisting in knee jt extension
N. Femoral n
A. Deep Femoral a
20
Q
Pectineus
OIKNA
A
Adductor
O. Pectineal line of pubis
I. Pectineal line of femur
K. Adducts hip jt
Flexes
Anterior pelvic tilt
N. Femoral n
A. Femoral a
Deep femoral a
Obturator a
21
Q
Adductor longus
OIKNA
A
Adductor
O. Pubis
I. Medial lip of linea aspera
K. Adducts hip
Flexes hip
Anterior pelvic tilt
N. Obturator n
A. Obturator a
Deep femoral a
Femoral a
22
Q
Gracilis
OIKNA
A
Adductor
O. Anterior pubis and inferior ramus
I. Pes anserine, medial tibia
K. Adducts hip
Flexes hip
Anterior pelvic tilt
N. Obturator n
A. Deep femoral a
Obturator a
23
Q
Adductor brevis
OIKNA
A
Adductor
O. Pubis (inferior mass)
I. Linea aspera, prox 1/3
K. Adducts hip
Flexes hip
Anterior pelvic tilt
N. Obturator n
A. Deep femoral a
Obturator a
Femoral a
24
Adductor Magnus
| OIKNA
```
Adductor, largest and deepest
O. Ant head: infer. Pubic ramus and Ischial ramus
Post. Head: Ischial tuberosity
I. Gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera,
Supracondylar line, adductor tubercle
K. Adducts hip
Extends hip
Posterior pelvic tilt
N. Ant: Obturator n
Post: sciatic n
A. Ant: Deep femoral a
Obturator a
Femoral a
Post: Deep femoral a
Obturator a
Inferior gluteal a
Popliteal a
```
25
Tibialis anterior
| OIKNA
```
Anterior compartment
O. Lateral condyle of anterior tibia and
prox 2/3 of interosseus membrane
I. Medial surface of 1st cuneiform and
1st metatarsal
K. Dorsiflexes foot
Inverts foot
N. Deep fibular n
A. Anterior tibial artery
```
26
Extensor hallucis longus
| OIKNA
```
Anterior compartment
O. Middle1/3 of anterior fibula and
interosseus membrane
I. Distal phalanx of digit 1, dorsal surface
K. Extends at MTP and IP jt of digit 1
Dorsiflexes foot
Inverts foot
N. Deep fibular n
A. Anterior tibial n
```
27
Extensor digitorum longus
| OIKNA
```
Anterior compartment
O. Lateral condyle of tibia
Anterior 2/3 fibula
Interosseous membrane
I. Middle and distal phalanges of digits 2-5,
via dorsal digital expansion
K. Extends digits 2-5 @ MTP, PIP, and DIP jts.
Dorsiflexes foot
Everts foot
N. Deep fibular n
A. Anterior tibial a
```
28
Fibularis tertius
| OIKNA
Anterior compartment
O. Distal 1/3 fibula and Interosseous membrane
I. Metatarsal of digit 5, dorsal surface
K. Dorsiflexes foot
Everts foot
N. Deep fibular n
A. Anterior tibial a
29
Fibularis longus
| OIKNA
```
Lateral compartment
O. Head and prox 1/2 of lateral fibula
I. 1st cuneiform and 1st metatarsal,
dorsal surface (hooks around cuboid)
K. Plantarflexes foot
Everts foot
N. Superficial fibular n
A. Fibular a
```
30
Fibularis brevis
| OIKNA
```
O. Distal 1/2 of lateral fibula
I. Lateral base of 5th metatarsal
K. Plantarflexes foot
Everts foot
N. Superficial fibular n
A. Fibular a
```
31
Extensor digitorum brevis
| OIKNA
Dorsal surface muscle
O. Dorsal calcaneus
I. Middle and distal phalanges digits 2-4,
merging with extensor digitorum longus, via
dorsal digital expansion
K. Extends MTP, PIP, and DIP jts of digits 2-4
N. Deep fibular n
A. Dorsal pedis a
32
Soleus
| OIKNA
```
Superficial posterior compartment
O. Soleal line of tibia plus
Head and prox 1/3 of post fibula
I. Calcaneus via Achilles' tendon
K. Plantarflexes foot
N. Tibial n
A. Popliteal a
```
33
Gastrocnemius
| OIKNA
```
Superficial posterior compartment
O. 2 heads-medial condyle of post femur
-lateral condyle of post femur
I. Calcaneus via Achilles' tendon
K. Flexes knee
Plantar flexes foot
N. Tibial n
A. Popliteal a
```
34
Extensor hallucis brevis
| OIKNA
```
Dorsal surface muscle
O. Dorsal calcaneus
I. Prox phalanx of digit 1
K. Extends MTP jt of digit 1
N. Deep fibular
A. Dorsal pedis a
```
35
Abductor hallucis
| OIKNA
Plantar surface muscle, layer 1
O. Calcaneal tuberosity (and plantar fascia)
I. Prox phalanx of digit 1, medial plantar surface
K. Abducts @ MTP jt
N. Medial plantar n
A. Medial plantar a
36
Abductor digiti minimi pedis
| OIKNA
Plantar surface muscle, layer 1
O. Calcaneal tuberosity (and plantar fascia)
I. Prox phalanx digit 5 (lateral plantar surface)
K. Abducts digit 5 at MTP jt
N. Lateral plantar n
A. Lateral plantar a
37
Flexor digitorum brevis
| OIKNA
Plantar surface muscle, layer 1
O. Calcaneal tuberosity
I. Middle phalanges of digits 2-5
(With forks extending to distal digits)
K. Flexes digits 2-5 @ MTP and PIP jts
N. Medial plantar n
A. Medial and lateral plantar a
38
Quadratus plantae
| OIKNA
Plantar surface muscle, layer 2
O. Medial and lateral aspects of calcaneus
I. Tendon of flexor digitorum longus
K. Corrects pull of flexor digitorum longus
Flexes digits 2-5 at MTP, PIP, DIP jts
N. Lateral plantar n
A. Medial and lateral plantar a
39
Lumbricals pedis
| OIKNA
Plantar surface muscles, layer 2
O & A: 4 lumbricals, from flexor digitorum longus
to extensor digitorum longus
2-2, 2&3-3, 3&4-4, 4&5-5
K. Flexes digits 2-5 @ MTP jts,
Extends digits 2-5 @ PIP and DIP jts
N. Medial and lateral plantar n
A. Medial and lateral plantar a,
and plantar arch
40
Flexor hallucis brevis
```
Plantar surface muscle, 3rd layer
O. Cuboid and 3rd cuneiform
I. Prox phalanx of digit 1, through sesamoids
K. Flexes digit 1 at MTP jt
N. Medial n
A. Medial a
```
41
Flexor digiti minimi pedis
```
Plantar surface muscle, 3rd layer
O. 5th metatarsal and fibularis longus tendon
I. Prox phalanx of digit 5
K. Flexes digit 5 at MTP jt
N. Lateral plantar n
A. Lateral plantar a
```
42
ADDuctor hallucis
Plantar surface, layer 3
O. 2 heads:
Oblique- fibularis longus tendon and
metatarsal bases of digits 2-4
Transverse- Metatarsalphalangeal ligs
I. Base of prox phalanx, digit 1, lateral aspect
K. Adducts @ MTP jt of digit 1
N. Lateral plantar n
A. Plantar arch
