Lower Extremity Muscles

Question 1

Thigh

Answer 1

Runs from the hip to the knee

3 compartments

• • -Anterior - (4) muscles)
• Quadriceps - Extend the knee (kicking)

– Medial / Adductor (5 muscles)
- Adductors (pulling the leg in)

• • • Posterior
• Hamstrings - extend the hip and flex the knee

Allows for:
- Flexion of the hip
- Abduction and Adduction
- External and Medial rotation
- Circumduction (all directions)

Question 2

Adductor vs. Abductor

Question 3

4 muscles of the Quadraceps

Answer 3

Action: Extend the knee

• ## Rectus Femoris - flexes the hip and crosses it (it’s the only one)

Question 4

Gluteals

Answer 4

• Gluteus Maximus
• Gluteus Medius
• Gluteus Minimus

They are deep in the Adipose Tissue (fat)

Question 5

Adipose Tissue

Answer 5

Fat

Question 6

Gluteal Maximus

Answer 6

O:
Posterior iliac crest, sacrum, coccyx, sacrotuberous ligaments
I:
(upper fibers) Iliotibial tract,
(lower fibers) Gluteal line of femur
A:
All fibers – extend, laterally rotate, abduct the hip joint
Lower fibers – adduct the hip joint

Question 7

Gluteal Medias

Answer 7

Can also be “Rotator Cuff”
Primary ABductor of hip.
Hip drop if weak - stabilizes the hip “Trendellburg of Gate”

o:
Gluteal surface of ilium, between posterior & anterior gluteal lines
I:
Lateral aspect of greater trochanter
A:
All fibers: abduct the hip
 Anterior fibers: flex the hip, medially rotate the hip
 Posterior fibers: extend the hip, laterally rotate the hip

Question 8

Gluteal Minimus

Answer 8

Can also be “Rotator Cuff”
Major contributor to hip ADuction
o:
Gluteal surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines
I:
Anterior aspect of greater trochanter
A:
Abduct the hip, medially rotate the hip, flex the hip - opposite of the medias, it rotates medially

Question 9

Piriformis

Answer 9

Superior to Sciatic nerve - can cause compression if contracted.
o: Anterior surface of sacrum
Passes through the greater sciatic notch
I:
Greater Trochanter
A:
LAteral rotation fo hip.
Can also ABduct hip when flexed

Question 10

Quadratus Femoris

Answer 10

Most Inferior
o:
Ischial Tuberosity
I:
Inter Trochanter crest
A:
Lateral rotation of hip

Question 11

Superior Gemallus

Answer 11

o:
Ichial Spine

I:
Greater Trochanter
A:

Question 12

Obturator Internus

Answer 12

o:

I:
Greater Trochanter
A: Laterl hip rotate

Question 13

Inferior Gemallus

Answer 13

o: Ichial Tuberosity

I:
Greater Trochanter
A:

Question 14

Obturator Externus

Answer 14

It’s the hidden one behind the others

o:

I:
Greater Trochanter
A:

Question 15

OBturator extenerus tendon

Question 16

Adductor Longest

Answer 16

Superficial

Question 17

Adductor Magnus

Answer 17

Deepest

Question 18

Adductor Brevis

Answer 18

Middle

Question 19

Gracillus

Answer 19

So medial it’s not in line with others

Question 20

Pectenous

Answer 20

Superficial

Question 21

Addcutor

Answer 21

3 layers
Anterior
Middle
Posterior

Located between Quads and Hamstrings

Attached to the base of the pelvis

Connected tissue drape

Question 22

Quadracepts

Answer 22

Primary to extend the knee joint

All 4 Insert on the same tendon superior to Patella - Tibial Tuberosity

Origins for Femoris is above hip joint - AIIS
All others below

Synergist to Hip joint
Femoris - crosses two joints
Medialis - tear drop
Lateralis - Sole lateral muscle
Intermedialis -