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MSK Anatomy > Lower extremity movements > Flashcards

Lower extremity movements Flashcards

1
Q

Quads movement

A

All: extend the knee

Rectus femoris: flexes the hip

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2
Q

Quads insertion

A

I: tibial tuberosity (via patellar ligament)

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3
Q

Rectus femoris origin

A

AIIS

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4
Q

Vastus medialis origin

A

medial lip of linea aspera

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5
Q

Vastus lateralis origin

A

lateral lip of linea aspera, gluteal tuberosity and greater trochanter

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6
Q

Vastus intermedius origin

A

anterior and lateral shaft of the femur

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7
Q

biceps femoris movements

A

flexes the knee, ER the flexed knee
posteriorly tilts the pelvis

long head: extends the hip and assists to ER the hip

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8
Q

biceps femoris o/i

A

O:

  • long head: ischial tuberosity
  • short head: lateral lip of linea aspera

I: head of the fibula

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9
Q

Semitendinosus movements

A

Flexes the knee, IR the flexed knee
Extends and assists to IR the hip
Posteriorly tilts the pelvis

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10
Q

Semitendinosus o/i

A

O: ischial tuberosity

I: proximal, medial shaft of the tibia at pes anserinus tendon

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11
Q

Semimembranosus movements

A

Flexes and IR the knee
Extends and IR the hip
Posteriorly tilts the pelvis

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12
Q

Semimembranosus o/i

A

O: ischial tuberosity

I: posterior aspect of the medal condyle of the tibia

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13
Q

Gluteus maximus movements

A

All fibers: extend, ER and abd the hip

Lower fibers: Adduct the hip

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14
Q

Gluteus maximus o/i

A

O: coccyx, edge of sacrum, posterior iliac crest, and SI ligaments

I: ITB (upper fibers) and gluteal tuberosity (lower fibers)

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15
Q

Gluteal medius movements

A

All fibers: abduct the hip

Anterior fibers: flex and IR the hip

Posterior fibers: extend and ER the hip

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16
Q

Gluteal medius o/i

A

O: gluteal surface of ilium, between post and anterior gluteal lines, just below iliac crest

I: lateral aspect of greater trochanter

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17
Q

Gluteus minimus movements

A

abduct, IR and flex the hip

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18
Q

Gluteus minimus o/i

A

O: gluteal surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines

I: anterior aspect of greater trochanter

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19
Q

Adductor magnus movements

A

adduct and IR the hip

posterior fibers: extend the hip

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20
Q

Adductor magnus o/i

A

O: inferior pubic ramus, ramus of ischium and ischial tuberosity

I: medial lip of linea aspera and adductor tubercle

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21
Q

Adductor Longus movements

A

adduct and IR the hip

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22
Q

Adductor Longus o/i

A

O: pubic tubercle

I: medial lip of linea aspera

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23
Q

Adductor brevis movements

A

adduct and IR the hip

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24
Q

Adductor brevis o/i

A

O: inferior pubic ramus

I: pectinal line and medial lip of linea aspera

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25
Q

Pectineus movements

A

adduct and IR the hip

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26
Q

Pectineus o/i

A

O: superior pubic ramus

I: pectinal line of femur

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27
Q

Gracilis movements

A

adduct and IR the hip

Flex and IR the knee

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28
Q

Gracilis o/i

A

O: inferior pubic ramus

I: proximal, medial shaft of the tibia at pes anserinus tendon

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29
Q

TFL movements

A

Flexes, IR and abducts the hip

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30
Q

TFL o/i

A

O: iliac crest, posterior to ASIS

I: ITB

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31
Q

sartorius movements

A

Flexes, ER, and abducts the hip (tailor position/figure 4)

Flexes and IR the flexed knee

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32
Q

sartorius o/i

A

O: ASIS

I: proximal, medial shaft of the tibia at pes anserinus tendon

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33
Q

Piriformis movements

A

ER and abduct (when flexed) the hip

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34
Q

Piriformis o/i

A

O: anterior surface of sacrum

I: superior aspect of greater trochanter

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35
Q

Quadratus femoris movements

A

ER the hip

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36
Q

Quadratus femoris o/i

A

O: lateral border of ischial tuberosity

I: intertrochanteric crest, between greater and lesser trochanters

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37
Q

Obturator internus movements

A

ER the hip

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38
Q

Obturator internus o/i

A

O: obturator membrane and inferior surface of of obturator foramen

I: medial surface of greater trochanter

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39
Q

Obturator externus movements

A

ER the hip

40
Q

Obturator externus o/i

A

O: remi of pubis and ischium, obturator membrane

I: trochanteric fossa of femur

41
Q

Gemellus superior movements

A

ER the hip

42
Q

Gemellus superior o/i

A

O: ischial spine

I: medial surface of greater trochanter

43
Q

Gemellus inferior movements

A

ER the hip

44
Q

Gemellus inferior o/i

A

O: ischial tuberosity

I: medial surface of the greater trochanter

45
Q

Psoas major movements

A

with the origin fixed: flexes and ER the hip

with the insertion fixed: flexes the trunk and anteriorly tilts the pelvis

unilaterally: assists to laterally flex the lumbar spine

46
Q

Psoas major o/i

A

O: bodies and TP of lumbar vertebrae

I: lesser trochanter

47
Q

Iliacus movements

A

with origin fixed: flex and ER the hip

with insertion fixed: flex the trunk and ant tilt the pelvis

48
Q

Iliacus o/i

A

O: iliac fossa

I: lesser trochanter

49
Q

Gastrocnemius movements

A

flexes the knee

PF the ankle

50
Q

Gastrocnemius o/i

A

O: medial and lateral heads to posterior surfaces of femoral condyles

I: calcaneus via calcaneal (achilles) tendon

51
Q

Soleus movements

A

PF the ankle

52
Q

Soleus o/i

A

O: solid line; proximal, posterior surface of tibia and posterior aspect of fibula

I: calcaneus via achilles tendon

53
Q

Plantaris movements

A

short belly but longest tendon in the body

weak PF of the ankle
weak knee flexion

54
Q

Plantaris o/i

A

O: lateral supracondylar line of femur

I: calcaneus via achilles tendon

55
Q

Popliteus movements

A

although a weak knee flexor, it is vital in “unlocking” the joint from an extended position
(aka “the key which unlocks the knee”)

flexes and IR the flexed knee

56
Q

Popliteus o/i

A

O: lateral femoral condyle

I: proximal, posterior aspect of the tibia

57
Q

Peroneus longus movements

A

evert the foot

assists to PF the ankle

58
Q

Peroneus longus o/i

A

O: head of fibula and proximal 2/3 of lateral fibula

I: base of the 1st MT and medial cuneiform

59
Q

Peroneus brevis movements

A

everts the foot

assists to PF the ankle

60
Q

Peroneus brevis o/i

A

O: distal 2/3 of lateral fibula

I: tuberosity of the 5th MT

61
Q

Tibialis anterior movements

A

inverts the foot

DF the ankle

62
Q

Tibialis anterior o/i

A

O: lateral condyle of tibia; proximal, lateral surface of tibia and interosseous membrane

I: medial cuneiform and base of the 1st MT

63
Q

Extensor digitorum longus movements

A

extends toes 2-5 (MTP & IP)
DF the ankle
evert the foot

64
Q

Extensor digitorum longus o/i

A

O: lateral condyle of tibia; proximal, anterior shaft of fibula and interosseous membrane

I: middle and distal phalanges of toes 2-5

65
Q

Extensor hallucis longus movements

A

extends the 1st toe (MTP and IP)
DF the ankle
invert the foot

66
Q

Extensor hallucis longus o/i

A

O: middle, anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane

I: distal phalanx of 1st toe

67
Q

Tibialis posterior movements

A

invert the foot

PF the ankle

68
Q

Tibialis posterior o/i

A

O: proximal, posterior shafts of tibia and fibula; and interosseous membrane

I: all 5 tarsal bones and bases of MTs 2-4

69
Q

Flexor digitorum longus movements

A

flexes toes 2-5 (MTP and IP)
weak PF
inverts the foot

70
Q

Flexor digitorum longus o/i

A

O: middle, posterior surface of tibia

I: distal phalanges of toes 2-5

71
Q

Flexor hallucis longus movements

A

flexes the 1st toe (MTP and IP)
weak ankle PF
inverts the foot

72
Q

Flexor hallucis longus o/i

A

O: middle half of posterior fibula

I: distal phalanx of 1st toe

73
Q

Extensor digitorum brevis movements

A

extends toes 2-4 (MTP and IP)

74
Q

Extensor digitorum brevis o/i

A

O: dorsal surface of calcaneus

I: toes 2-4 via extensor digitorum longus tendons

75
Q

Flexor digitorum brevis movements

A

flex middle phalanges of toes 2-5 (PIPs)

76
Q

Flexor digitorum brevis o/i

A

O: medial process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis

I: middle phalanges of toes 2-5

77
Q

Abductor hallucis movements

A

abducts 1st toe (MTP)

assists to flex 1st toe (MTP)

78
Q

Abductor hallucis o/i

A

O: medial process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis

I: proximal phalanx of 1st toe (medial surface) and medial sesamoid bone

79
Q

Abductor digiti minimi movements

A

flexes the 5th toe

assists to abduct 5th toe (MTP)

80
Q

Abductor digiti minimi o/i

A

O: lateral process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis

I: proximal phalanx of 5th toe (lateral surface)

81
Q

Extensor hallucis brevis movements

A

extends the 1st toe (MTP)

82
Q

Extensor hallucis brevis o/i

A

O: dorsal surface of calcaneus

I: proximal phalanx of 1st toe

83
Q

Flexor hallucis brevis movements

A

flex the 1st toe (MTP)

84
Q

Flexor hallucis brevis o/i

A

O: plantar surfaces of cuboid and lateral cuneiform

I: medial and lateral surfaces of base of proximal phalanx of 1st toe

85
Q

Adductor hallucis movements

A

adducts the 1st toe
assists to maintain transverse arch of the foot
assist to flex the 1st toe

86
Q

Adductor hallucis o/i

A

O:

  • oblique head: bases of 2nd-4th MT
  • transverse head: plantar ligament of 3rd-5th MTP joints

I: lateral surface of base of proximal phalanx of 1st toe

87
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis movements

A

flex the 5th toe (MTP)

88
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis o/i

A

O: base of 5th MT

I: base of proximal phalanx of 5th toe

89
Q

Quadratus plantae movements

A

assist flexor digitorum longus to flex toes 2-5

90
Q

Quadratus plantae o/i

A

O: medial and lateral sides of plantar surface of calcaneus

I: posterior, lateral aspect of flexor digitorum longus tendon

91
Q

Plantar interossei of the foot movements

A

adducts and flexes toes 3-5 (MTP)

92
Q

Plantar interossei of the foot o/i

A

O: medial surfaces of 3-5 MTs

I: medial surfaces of proximal phalanges of toes 3-5

93
Q

Dorsal interssei of the foot movements

A

abducts and flexes toes 2-4 (MTP)

94
Q

Dorsal interssei of the foot o/i

A

O: adjacent surfaces of all MT

I:

  • 1st: medial surface of proximal phalanx of 2nd toe
  • 2-4: lateral surfaces of proximal phalanges of toes 2-4
95
Q

Lumbricals of the foot movements

A

flex the proximal phalanges of toes 2-5 (MTP)

extend middle and distal phalanges of toes 2-5 (IP)

96
Q

Lumbricals of the foot o/i

A

O: tendons of flexor digitorum longus

I: bases of proximal phalanges of toes 2-5 and extensor digitorum longs tendons (on dorsal surface of toes)

MSK Anatomy (6 decks)

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