Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Orthopedics > lower extremity Fx classification and surgical HY > Flashcards

lower extremity Fx classification and surgical HY Flashcards

1
Q

Posterior hip dislocation

A

Thompson & Epstein

  1. insignificant posterior wall fragment
  2. single large posterior wall fragment
  3. comminuted posterior wall fragment
  4. Fracture of acetabular floor
  5. Fracture of femoral head
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Anterior hip dislocation

A

Epstein

  1. Superior dislocation
  2. inferior dislocation
    a. nofracture
    b. assoc fx or impaction of femoral head
    c. assoc fx of acetabulum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

femoral neck fx

A

garden

  1. nondisplaced, incomplete
  2. nondisplaced, complete
  3. complete with partial displacement
  4. completely displaced, trabecular patttern/parallel
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

subroch hip fx

A

Russel-Taylor

  1. fx with an intact piriformis fossa
    1a. lesser troch is attached to prox fragment
    1b. lesser troch is detached from prox fragmet
  2. fx extens into piriformis fossa
    2a. stable medial construct (posteromedial cortex)
    2b. comminution of piriformis fossa & lesser troch
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Femoral shaft fx

A

Winquist & Hansen

  1. minimal/no comminution
  2. cortices of both fragments >50% intact
  3. 50-100% cortical comminution
  4. circumferential comminutin w/ no cortical contact
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

femoral head fx

A

Pipkin

  1. inferior femoral head fx
  2. femoral head fx superior to fovea capitis
  3. Type 1 or 2 w/ assoc. femoral neck fx
  4. type 1 or 2 w/ assoc. acetabular wall fx
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

intertroch fx

A

Evans

  1. stable, posteromedial cortex intact
  2. unstable, comminution of post/med cortex
  3. reverse obliquity, unstable
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

periprosthetic hip fx

A

Vancouver
A. Fx in trochanteric, AG(gr troch), AL (lesser troch)
B. Fx around or distal to stem, B1-stable, B2-unstable (loose stem)
C. Well below stem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Pilon fx

A

Ruedi & Allgower

  1. nondisplaced fx
  2. displaced fx w/ minimal impaction
  3. displaced fx w/ articular comminution & metaphyseal impaction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

tibial plateau fx

A

Schatzker

  1. Lateral plateau, split fx
  2. lateral plateau, split depressed fx
  3. lateral plateau, depressed fx
  4. medial plateau fx
  5. bicondyler plateau fx
  6. plateau fx w/ separation of metaphysis>diaphysis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

ankle fx by mechanism

A

Lauge-Hansen
Supination-Adduction (SA)15%/vertical med mal fx
supination-external rot (SER) 70%/ spiral fib fx AI>PS
Pronation-abduction (PA) 10%/high transverse fib fx
Pronation-external rot (PER) 10%/spiral fib fx AS>PI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Ankle fx by fibula fx location

A

Weber
A. Fibula fx below level of tibial plafond
B. Fibula fx beginning at level of syndesmosis
C. Fibula fx above syndesmosis, assoc. w/ maisoneuve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Talar neck fx

A

Hawkins

  1. nondisplaced fx (15% AVN)
  2. subtalar dislocation (25-50%)
  3. Subtalar & ankle dislocatin (50-100%AVN)
  4. Type 3 + talonavicular dislocation (100%AVN)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

calcaneus fx

A

Sanders

  1. nondisplaced fx
  2. 2-part fx, subtkypes A,B,C = lateral, middle, medial
  3. 3-part fx w/ central depressed, subtype AB, AC, BC
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Pelvic fx lateral compression

A

Young&Burgess
Lateral compression (LC)-transverse puic rami fx + :
1. sacral compression fx
2. iliac wing fx (on side of impact)
3. LC-1 or LC-2, contralateral open book (APC) injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Pelvic fx anterior posterior compression

A

Young & Burgess
Anterior>Posterior compression (APC) :
Diastasis of pubic symphysis or longitudinal rami fx
1. 2.5cm of symphysis diastasis, disrupted anterior SI ligaments, intact posterior SI ligaments.
3. Complete disruption of symphysis, ant & post SI ligaments, lateral displacement

17
Q

Pelvic fx vertical shear

A 
Young & Burgess
Vertical Shear (VS)- vertical displacement
18
Q

Acetabular Fx

A

Judet-Letournel
5 elementary
1. posterior wall
2. Posterior column (fx line exists at gr sciatic notch)
3. Anterior wall
4. Anterior column (disrupts iliopectineal line)
5. Transverse (transtectal, juxtatectal, infratectal)
5 associatied
1. posterior column + post wall
2. T-Shaped
3. Transverse + post wall
4. Anterior column + posterior hemitransverse
5. both column (spur sign on obturator oblique view)

19
Q

Periprosthetic femur fx about TKA

A

Lewis and Rorabeck
type 1. nondisplaced
type 2. displaced
type 3. Loose prosthesis

20
Q

Pelvis x-ray special views

A
  1. obturator oblique: 45 internal rotation/ visualizes anterior column & posterior wall.
  2. Iliac oblique: 45 external rotation/ visualizes posterior column, anterior wall, iliac wing.
21
Q

6 anatomic landmarks of pelvis on xray

A
  1. Iliopectineal line (anterior column)
  2. Ilioischial line (posterior column)
  3. Anterior wall
  4. Posterior wall
  5. Tear drop
  6. Acetabular dome
22
Q

main blood supply to femoral head

A

ascending branch of medial circumflex

23
Q

surgical approches to pelvis

A
  1. Kocher-langenbach: posterior wall & column, complications sciatic nerve palsy, heterotopic ossification 20%.
  2. Ilioinguinal: anterior wall & column, complications lateral femoral nerve 20%.
  3. Extended iliofemoral: T-type or transverse fx, complications heterotopic ossification 20-50%.
24
Q

Talus blood supply: main arteries supplying it

A

posterior tibial artery, dorsalis pedis, perforating peroneal artery.

25
Q

Talus blood supply: name branches off the main arteries and what part they supply

A 
Branches: tarsal sinus, tarsal canal, deltoid
Tarsal canal (main supply) body, tarsal sinus + deltoid supply head and neck
26
Q

Tibial plateau fx operative indications

A
  • all medial or bicondylar plateau fx’s
  • varus/valgus instability
  • 3mm of articular stepoff
  • 5mm of condylar widening
27
Q

Tibial plateau fx approaches

A

lateral: hockey-stick incision, plate is placed anterior and medial to Gerdy’s tubercle.
Posteromedial: prox medial epicondyle in line with MCL to insertion on tibia, semimembranosus, gracilis, sartorious retracted, medial head of gastroc retracted posterior.

28
Q

Tibial plateau fx plates used for ORIF of different classes

A

Type 1-4: T or L buttress plates.

Type 5 and 6 fx: LISS locking plates

29
Q

distal tibial closure order

A

central>medial>lateral>posterior>anterior

30
Q

Subcapital hip fx surgical treatment

A

percutaneous pinning, inveted triangle. most inferior screw must be above the lesser trochanter

31
Q

ankle fx syndesmotic screw technique

A

Place 3.5mm syndesmotic screw at 2.5cm above plafond, in PL to AM direction

32
Q

Tibial shaft IM rod starting point

A

Medial to lateral tibial spine, anterior extra articular

Orthopedics (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions