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Lower Extremity Flashcards

0
Q

Gluteus Maximus pg 564 distal attachment

A

Most fibers end in iliotibial tract/band (ITT, ITB) – which inserts into lateral condyle of tibia; some fibers insert on gluteal tuberosity of femur = 3rd femoral trochanter

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1
Q

Gluteus Maximus Pg. 564 proximal attachment

A

External surface of ala of ilium posterior to posterior gluteal line, including iliac crest, dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx, and sacrotuberous ligament; superficial fascia of gluteus medius

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2
Q

Gluteus Maximus pg 564 innervation

A

Inferior Gluteal Nerve

L5, S1, S2

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3
Q

Gluteus Maximus pg 564 main action

A

1.In running and climbing: Extends FLEXED thigh
2. Posterior fibers assist in its lateral rotation of thigh
3. Superior fibers are powerful abductors
4. Steadies thigh via iliotibial band insertion
5. Assists in raising/extending trunk from flexed position when insertion is fixed
6. Inactive when standing

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4
Q

Gluteus Medius pg 564 proximal

A

External surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines

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5
Q

Gluteus Medius pg 564 distal

A

Superior/lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur

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6
Q

Gluteus Medius pg 564 innervation

A

Superior gluteal nerve

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7
Q

Gluteus Medius action

A
  1. Powerfully abducts thigh
  2. Anterior fibers medially
    (internally) rotate thigh
  3. Posterior fibers laterally
    (externally) rotate thigh
  4. Essential in keeping pelvis level (or slightly raised) when contralateral foot is raised
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8
Q

Gluteus minimus origin

A

External surface of ilium between anterior (middle) and inferior gluteal lines

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9
Q

Gluteus minimus insertion

A

Anterior/lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur

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10
Q

Gluteus minimus innervation

A

Superior gluteal nerve

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11
Q

Gluteus minimus action

A

Assists Gluteus Medius

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12
Q

Tensor Fasciae Latae origin

A

external surface of ASIS and anterior part of external lip of iliac crest; fascia lata

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13
Q

Tensor Fasciae Latae insertion

A

Iliotibial tract that attaches to lateral condyle (Gerdy tubercle) of tibia

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14
Q

Tensor Fascia Latae innervation

A

Superior gluteal nerve

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15
Q

Tensor Fascia Latae main action

A

Abducts, medially rotates, and flexes thigh; helps to keep knee extended; steadies trunk on thigh; steadies femur on tibia more important in steadying pelvis than the movement it mediates

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16
Q

Piriformis origin

A

Anterior surface of sacrum and sacrotuberous ligament; ilium near posterior inferior iliac spine

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17
Q

Piriformis insertion

A

Superior border of greater trochanter of femur; some fibers blend with tendon of obturator internus & gemelli

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18
Q

Piriformis innervation

A

Branches from ventral rami of (L5), S1, S2

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19
Q

Piriformis action

A

Laterally rotates extended hip joint and abduct flexed hip joint; steady formal head in acetabulum

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20
Q

Obturator Internus insertion

A

Medial surface of greater trochanter of femur by common tendons

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21
Q

Obturator Internus origin

A

Pelvic surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bones

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22
Q

Obturator Internus action

A

Laterally rotates extended hip joint and abduct flexed hip joint; steady formal head in acetabulum

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23
Q

Obturator Internus innervation

A

Nerve to Obturator Internus- L5, S1, S2

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24
Superior Gemellus Origin
Ischial spine
25
Superior Gemellus insertion
Medial surface of greater trochanter of femur by common tendons
26
Superior Gemellus action
Laterally rotates extended hip joint and abduct flexed hip joint; steady formal head in acetabulum
27
Inferior Gemullus origin
Ischial tuberosity
28
Inferior Gemellus insertion
Medial surface of greater trochanter of femur by common tendons
29
Inferior Gemullus action
Laterally rotates extended hip joint and abduct flexed hip joint; steady formal head in acetabulum
30
Quadratus Femoris origin
Lateral border of Ischial tuberosity
31
Quadratus Femoris insertion
Quadrate tubercle on intertrochanteric crest of femur and inferior to it
32
Quadratus Femoris Innervation
Nerve to Quadratus femoris L4,L5, S1
33
Quadratus femoris action
Laterally rotates hip joint, steadies femoral head in acetabulum
34
Semitendinosus origin
Ischial tuberosity (with biceps femoris)
35
Semitendinosus insertion
Medial surface of superior part of tibia
36
Semitendinosus innervation
Tibial division of sciatic nerve (L5, S1, S2)
37
Semitendinosus action
Flexes leg and rotates it medially; extends thigh; pulls trunk upright against gravity
38
Semimembranosus origin
Ischial tuberosity
39
Semimembranosus insertion
Posterior part of medial condyle of tibia; reflected attachment forms oblique popliteal ligament to lateral femoral condyle
40
Semimembranosus innervation
Tibial division of sciatic nerve
41
Semimembranosus action
Flex leg and rotate it medially; extend thigh; pulls trunk upright against gravity
42
Biceps Femoris origin
Long head- Ischial tuberosity(with semitendinosus) Short Head- linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line of femur
43
Biceps femoris insertion
Lateral side of head of fibula; tendon is split at this site by fibular collateral ligament of knee
44
Biceps femoris action
Long Head: Flexes leg and rotates it laterally; extends thigh; pulls trunk upright against gravity Short Head: Flexes leg and rotates it lateral
45
Biceps femoris innervation
Long head- tibial division of sciatic N. Short head- common fibular division of sciatic N
46
Inferior Gemellus Innervation
N. To Quadratus Femoris (L4,L5, S1)
47
Psoas major & minor (posterior trunk muscle) origin
Sides of T12 to L5 vertebrae and intervertebral discs between them
48
Psoas major & minor (posterior trunk muscle) insertion
Lesser trochanter of femur
49
Psoas major & minor (posterior trunk muscle) innervation
Ventral rami of lumbar nerves (L1,L2, and L3)
50
Psoas major & minor (posterior trunk muscle) action
Acts conjointly with iliacus to flex thigh at hip joint and to stabilize this joint
51
Iliacus origin
Iliac crest, iliac fossa, ala of sacrum, and anterior sacroiliac ligaments
52
Iliacus insertion
Tendon of psoas major and body of femur, inferior to lesser trochanter
53
Iliacus innervation
Femoral nerve (L2, and L3)
54
Iliacus action
Acts conjointly with psoas to flex thigh at hip joint and to stabilize this joint
55
Sartorius origin
ASIS and superior part of notch inferior to it
56
Sartorius insertion
Superior part of medial surface of tibia = part of the pes ansirenus
57
Sartorius innervation
Femoral nerve
58
Sartorius action
Flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh at hip joint + knee FL = crossed-leg sitting position
59
Rectus Femoris origin
Straight head: AIIS =Anterior inferior iliac spine Reflected head: groove superior to acetabulum
60
Rectus femoris insertion
Base of patella and via patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity
61
Rectus Femoris Innervation
Femoral nerve
62
Rectus femoris action
Extends leg at knee joint; steadies hip joint and helps iliopsoas to flex thigh
63
Vastus Lateralis origin
Great trochanter and lateral lip of linea aspera of femur
64
Vastus lateralis insertion
Base of patella and via patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity
65
Vastus Lateralis innervation
Femoral nerve
66
Vastus lateralis action
Extends leg at knee joint
67
Vastus medialis origin
Intertrochanteric line and medial lip of linea aspera of femur
68
Vastus medialis insertion
Base of patella and via patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity
69
Vastus medialis innervation
Femoral nerve
70
Vastus medialis action
Extend leg at knee joint
71
Vastus intermedius origin
Anterior and lateral surfaces of body of femur
72
Vastus intermedius distal attachment
Base of patella and via patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity
73
Vastus intermedius innervation
Femoral nerve
74
Vastus intermedius action
Extend the leg at the knee joint
75
Articularis genu origin
distal anterior surface of femoral shaft
76
Articularis genu insertion
proximal reflection of synovial membrane of knee joint
77
Articularis genu action
Retracts supra-patellar "bursa" during knee extension
78
Pectineus origin
Pecten pubis (pectineal line to pubis)
79
Pectineus insertion
Pectineal line femur
80
Pectineus innervation
Femoral nerve; may receive a branch from Obturator nerve
81
Pectineus action
Adducts and flexes thigh; flexion of pelvis
82
Adductor longus origin
Body of pubis, inferior to pubic crest
83
Adductor longus insertion
Middle third of linea aspera of femur
84
Adductor longus innervation
Obturator nerve
85
Adductor longus action
Adducts thigh
86
Adductor brevis origin
Body and inferior ramus of pubis
87
Adductor brevis insertion
Pectineal line and proximal part of linea aspera of femur
88
Adductor brevis innervation
Obturator nerve
89
Adductor brevis action
Adducts thigh and to some extent flexes it
90
Adductor magnus origin
Inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium (adductor part), and ischial tuberosity
91
Adductor magnus insertion
Gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera medial, supracondylar line (adductor part), and adductor tubercle of femur (hamstring part)
92
Adductor magnus innervation
Adductor part: Obturator nerve Hamstring part: Tibial portion of sciatic nerve
93
Adductor magnus action
Adducts thigh; the adductor part also flexes thigh and the hamstring part extends it
94
Gracilis origin
Body and inferior ramus of pubis
95
Gracilis insertion
Superior part of medial surface of tibia [SaGS]
96
Gracilis innervation
Obturator nerve
97
Gracilis action
Adducts thigh, flexes leg, and helps to rotate it medially
98
Obturator externus origin
Margins of obturator foramen and obturator membrane
99
Obturator externus insertion
Trochanteric fossa of femur [horizontally]
100
Obturator externus innervation
Obturator nerve
101
Obturator externus action
Laterally rotates thigh; steadies head of femur in acetabulum

Anatomy Muscle Cards (5 decks)

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