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Anatomy Muscle Cards > Lower Extremity > Flashcards

Lower Extremity Flashcards

0
Q

Gluteus Maximus pg 564 distal attachment

A

Most fibers end in iliotibial tract/band (ITT, ITB) – which inserts into lateral condyle of tibia; some fibers insert on gluteal tuberosity of femur = 3rd femoral trochanter

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1
Q

Gluteus Maximus Pg. 564 proximal attachment

A

External surface of ala of ilium posterior to posterior gluteal line, including iliac crest, dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx, and sacrotuberous ligament; superficial fascia of gluteus medius

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2
Q

Gluteus Maximus pg 564 innervation

A

Inferior Gluteal Nerve

L5, S1, S2

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3
Q

Gluteus Maximus pg 564 main action

A

1.In running and climbing: Extends FLEXED thigh
2. Posterior fibers assist in its lateral rotation of thigh
3. Superior fibers are powerful abductors
4. Steadies thigh via iliotibial band insertion
5. Assists in raising/extending trunk from flexed position when insertion is fixed
6. Inactive when standing

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4
Q

Gluteus Medius pg 564 proximal

A

External surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines

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5
Q

Gluteus Medius pg 564 distal

A

Superior/lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur

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6
Q

Gluteus Medius pg 564 innervation

A

Superior gluteal nerve

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7
Q

Gluteus Medius action

A
  1. Powerfully abducts thigh
  2. Anterior fibers medially
    (internally) rotate thigh
  3. Posterior fibers laterally
    (externally) rotate thigh
  4. Essential in keeping pelvis level (or slightly raised) when contralateral foot is raised
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8
Q

Gluteus minimus origin

A

External surface of ilium between anterior (middle) and inferior gluteal lines

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9
Q

Gluteus minimus insertion

A

Anterior/lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur

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10
Q

Gluteus minimus innervation

A

Superior gluteal nerve

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11
Q

Gluteus minimus action

A

Assists Gluteus Medius

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12
Q

Tensor Fasciae Latae origin

A

external surface of ASIS and anterior part of external lip of iliac crest; fascia lata

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13
Q

Tensor Fasciae Latae insertion

A

Iliotibial tract that attaches to lateral condyle (Gerdy tubercle) of tibia

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14
Q

Tensor Fascia Latae innervation

A

Superior gluteal nerve

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15
Q

Tensor Fascia Latae main action

A

Abducts, medially rotates, and flexes thigh; helps to keep knee extended; steadies trunk on thigh; steadies femur on tibia more important in steadying pelvis than the movement it mediates

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16
Q

Piriformis origin

A

Anterior surface of sacrum and sacrotuberous ligament; ilium near posterior inferior iliac spine

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17
Q

Piriformis insertion

A

Superior border of greater trochanter of femur; some fibers blend with tendon of obturator internus & gemelli

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18
Q

Piriformis innervation

A

Branches from ventral rami of (L5), S1, S2

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19
Q

Piriformis action

A

Laterally rotates extended hip joint and abduct flexed hip joint; steady formal head in acetabulum

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20
Q

Obturator Internus insertion

A

Medial surface of greater trochanter of femur by common tendons

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21
Q

Obturator Internus origin

A

Pelvic surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bones

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22
Q

Obturator Internus action

A

Laterally rotates extended hip joint and abduct flexed hip joint; steady formal head in acetabulum

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23
Q

Obturator Internus innervation

A

Nerve to Obturator Internus- L5, S1, S2

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24
Q

Superior Gemellus Origin

A

Ischial spine

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25
Q

Superior Gemellus insertion

A

Medial surface of greater trochanter of femur by common tendons

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26
Q

Superior Gemellus action

A

Laterally rotates extended hip joint and abduct flexed hip joint; steady formal head in acetabulum

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27
Q

Inferior Gemullus origin

A

Ischial tuberosity

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28
Q

Inferior Gemellus insertion

A

Medial surface of greater trochanter of femur by common tendons

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29
Q

Inferior Gemullus action

A

Laterally rotates extended hip joint and abduct flexed hip joint; steady formal head in acetabulum

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30
Q

Quadratus Femoris origin

A

Lateral border of Ischial tuberosity

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31
Q

Quadratus Femoris insertion

A

Quadrate tubercle on intertrochanteric crest of femur and inferior to it

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32
Q

Quadratus Femoris Innervation

A

Nerve to Quadratus femoris L4,L5, S1

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33
Q

Quadratus femoris action

A

Laterally rotates hip joint, steadies femoral head in acetabulum

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34
Q

Semitendinosus origin

A

Ischial tuberosity (with biceps femoris)

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35
Q

Semitendinosus insertion

A

Medial surface of superior part of tibia

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36
Q

Semitendinosus innervation

A

Tibial division of sciatic nerve (L5, S1, S2)

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37
Q

Semitendinosus action

A

Flexes leg and rotates it medially; extends thigh; pulls trunk upright against gravity

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38
Q

Semimembranosus origin

A

Ischial tuberosity

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39
Q

Semimembranosus insertion

A

Posterior part of medial condyle of tibia; reflected attachment forms oblique popliteal ligament to lateral femoral condyle

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40
Q

Semimembranosus innervation

A

Tibial division of sciatic nerve

41
Q

Semimembranosus action

A

Flex leg and rotate it medially; extend thigh; pulls trunk upright against gravity

42
Q

Biceps Femoris origin

A

Long head- Ischial tuberosity(with semitendinosus)

Short Head- linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line of femur

43
Q

Biceps femoris insertion

A

Lateral side of head of fibula; tendon is split at this site by fibular collateral ligament of knee

44
Q

Biceps femoris action

A

Long Head: Flexes leg and rotates it laterally; extends thigh; pulls trunk upright against gravity

Short Head: Flexes leg and rotates it lateral

45
Q

Biceps femoris innervation

A

Long head- tibial division of sciatic N.

Short head- common fibular division of sciatic N

46
Q

Inferior Gemellus Innervation

A

N. To Quadratus Femoris (L4,L5, S1)

47
Q

Psoas major & minor (posterior trunk muscle) origin

A

Sides of T12 to L5 vertebrae and intervertebral discs between them

48
Q

Psoas major & minor (posterior trunk muscle) insertion

A

Lesser trochanter of femur

49
Q

Psoas major & minor (posterior trunk muscle) innervation

A

Ventral rami of lumbar nerves (L1,L2, and L3)

50
Q

Psoas major & minor (posterior trunk muscle) action

A

Acts conjointly with iliacus to flex thigh at hip joint and to stabilize this joint

51
Q

Iliacus origin

A

Iliac crest, iliac fossa, ala of sacrum, and anterior sacroiliac ligaments

52
Q

Iliacus insertion

A

Tendon of psoas major and body of femur, inferior to lesser trochanter

53
Q

Iliacus innervation

A

Femoral nerve (L2, and L3)

54
Q

Iliacus action

A

Acts conjointly with psoas to flex thigh at hip joint and to stabilize this joint

55
Q

Sartorius origin

A

ASIS and superior part of notch inferior to it

56
Q

Sartorius insertion

A

Superior part of medial surface of tibia = part of the pes ansirenus

57
Q

Sartorius innervation

A

Femoral nerve

58
Q

Sartorius action

A

Flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh at hip joint + knee FL = crossed-leg sitting position

59
Q

Rectus Femoris origin

A

Straight head: AIIS =Anterior inferior
iliac spine

Reflected head: groove superior to acetabulum

60
Q

Rectus femoris insertion

A

Base of patella and via patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity

61
Q

Rectus Femoris Innervation

A

Femoral nerve

62
Q

Rectus femoris action

A

Extends leg at knee joint; steadies hip joint and helps iliopsoas to flex thigh

63
Q

Vastus Lateralis origin

A

Great trochanter and lateral lip of linea aspera of femur

64
Q

Vastus lateralis insertion

A

Base of patella and via patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity

65
Q

Vastus Lateralis innervation

A

Femoral nerve

66
Q

Vastus lateralis action

A

Extends leg at knee joint

67
Q

Vastus medialis origin

A

Intertrochanteric line and medial lip of linea aspera of femur

68
Q

Vastus medialis insertion

A

Base of patella and via patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity

69
Q

Vastus medialis innervation

A

Femoral nerve

70
Q

Vastus medialis action

A

Extend leg at knee joint

71
Q

Vastus intermedius origin

A

Anterior and lateral surfaces of body of femur

72
Q

Vastus intermedius distal attachment

A

Base of patella and via patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity

73
Q

Vastus intermedius innervation

A

Femoral nerve

74
Q

Vastus intermedius action

A

Extend the leg at the knee joint

75
Q

Articularis genu origin

A

distal anterior surface of femoral shaft

76
Q

Articularis genu insertion

A

proximal reflection of synovial membrane of knee joint

77
Q

Articularis genu action

A

Retracts supra-patellar “bursa” during knee extension

78
Q

Pectineus origin

A

Pecten pubis (pectineal line to pubis)

79
Q

Pectineus insertion

A

Pectineal line femur

80
Q

Pectineus innervation

A

Femoral nerve; may receive a branch from Obturator nerve

81
Q

Pectineus action

A

Adducts and flexes thigh; flexion of pelvis

82
Q

Adductor longus origin

A

Body of pubis, inferior to pubic crest

83
Q

Adductor longus insertion

A

Middle third of linea aspera of femur

84
Q

Adductor longus innervation

A

Obturator nerve

85
Q

Adductor longus action

A

Adducts thigh

86
Q

Adductor brevis origin

A

Body and inferior ramus of pubis

87
Q

Adductor brevis insertion

A

Pectineal line and proximal part of linea aspera of femur

88
Q

Adductor brevis innervation

A

Obturator nerve

89
Q

Adductor brevis action

A

Adducts thigh and to some extent flexes it

90
Q

Adductor magnus origin

A

Inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium (adductor part), and ischial tuberosity

91
Q

Adductor magnus insertion

A

Gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera medial, supracondylar line (adductor part), and adductor tubercle of femur (hamstring part)

92
Q

Adductor magnus innervation

A

Adductor part: Obturator nerve

Hamstring part: Tibial portion of sciatic nerve

93
Q

Adductor magnus action

A

Adducts thigh; the adductor part also flexes thigh and the hamstring part extends it

94
Q

Gracilis origin

A

Body and inferior ramus of pubis

95
Q

Gracilis insertion

A

Superior part of medial surface of tibia [SaGS]

96
Q

Gracilis innervation

A

Obturator nerve

97
Q

Gracilis action

A

Adducts thigh, flexes leg, and helps to rotate it medially

98
Q

Obturator externus origin

A

Margins of obturator foramen and obturator membrane

99
Q

Obturator externus insertion

A

Trochanteric fossa of femur [horizontally]

100
Q

Obturator externus innervation

A

Obturator nerve

101
Q

Obturator externus action

A

Laterally rotates thigh; steadies head of femur in acetabulum

Anatomy Muscle Cards (5 decks)

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