Lower Extremity

Question 1

For the mediolateral lateral projection of the calcaneus, where is the central ray directed?

Answer 1

1 inch distal to the medial malleolus

Question 2

For the axial plantodorsal projection of the calcaneus, what angle is adjusted on the x-ray tube?

Answer 2

40 degrees

Question 3

In a lateral projection of the third toe, where should the central ray be directed?

Answer 3

third proximal interphalangeal joint

Question 4

In the AP oblique projection of the foot, what angle should the sole of the foot be rotated to?

Answer 4

30 degrees

Question 5

In the axial plantodorsal projection of the calcaneus, where does the central ray enter?

Answer 5

the base of the 3rd metatarsal

Question 6

For an AP projection of the foot, where is the central ray directed?

Answer 6

base of the 3rd metatarsal

Question 7

What does a frontal projection of the ankle evaluate when the foot is in an inverted (pulled medially) position?

(Ankle stress view)

Answer 7

lateral collateral ligament

Question 8

In an AP projection of the toes, how many degrees should the central ray be directed to best demonstrate the joint spaces?

Answer 8

15 degrees cephalic

Question 9

What are the tangential projections (Lewis and Holly) of the foot used for?

Answer 9

evaluation of sesamoid bones

Question 10

What specific part of the foot is evaluated with weight bearing lateral projections?

Answer 10

longitudinal arch

Question 11

In the anteroposterior projection of the foot, how should the central ray be directed to demonstrate the joint spaces?

Answer 11

10 degrees posteriorly

Question 12

What is the degree of central ray angulation for the axial plantodorsal projection of the os calcis?

Answer 12

40 degrees

Question 13

What is another term for an AP projection of the foot?

Answer 13

dorsoplantar

Question 14

What is the SID used for an AP axial projection weight bearing method of the foot?

Answer 14

48 inches

Question 15

For a lateromedial projection of the ankle, where is the CR directed?

Answer 15

½ inch superior to the lateral malleolus

Question 16

How do you check for rotation on an AP axial projection of the calcaneus?

Answer 16

the first or fifth metatarsals are not projected to the sides of the foot

Question 17

What are the two bones of the lower leg and their positions?

Answer 17

• tibia - medial side
• fibula - lateral side

Question 18

Where is the CR directed for the medial oblique (lateral rotation) projection of the foot?

Answer 18

base of the 3rd metatarsal

Question 19

Where is the CR directed for an AP projection of the ankle?

Answer 19

at the ankle joint midway between the malleoli

Question 20

How many degrees is the lower leg rotated for an oblique projection of the tibia and fibula?

Answer 20

45 degrees

Question 21

How many degrees is the ankle obliqued to show the tibiofibular articulation?

Answer 21

45 degrees

Question 22

How many degrees is the ankle obliqued to best demonstrate the ankle mortise joint?

Answer 22

15-20 degrees

Question 23

How is your patient positioned for the Lewis method of the sesamoid bones?

Answer 23

prone

Question 24

How is the central ray directed for an AP projection of the lower leg?

Answer 24

perpendicular

Question 25

For the Holly method of the sesamoid bones, the plantar surface of the foot should form an angle of how many degrees with the plane of the IR?

Answer 25

75 degrees

Question 26

Which projection of the foot will best demonstrate the longitudinal arch?

Answer 26

lateral weight-bearing

Question 27

In which projection of the foot are the sinus tarsi, cuboid, and tuberosity of the fifth metatarsal best demonstrated?

Answer 27

medial oblique foot

Question 28

What are the purposes of AP stress studies of the ankle? 1) to demonstrate fractures of the distal tibia and fibula 2) following inversion and eversion injuries 3) to demonstrate a ligament tear

Answer 28

2 and 3 only

Question 29

What is the angle used on the CR for the first and second projection in the weight bearing composite method AP axial projection of the foot?

Answer 29

1st - 15 degrees, 2nd - 25 degrees

Question 30

Which of the two projections of the weight bearing composite method requires an increase in exposure factors?

Answer 30

The second image (coming in from the back of the patient)

Question 31

What is the routinely done lateral projection of the lower leg?

Answer 31

Mediolateral

Question 32

Where is the central ray directed for an AP projection of the lower leg?

Answer 32

To the center of the leg

Question 33

For an AP projection of the knee, where is the CR directed?

Answer 33

½" inferior to the apex of the patella

Question 34

In the AP projection of the knee, what is the central ray angle if the patient measures 22 cm from ASIS to Table Top?

Answer 34

0 degrees (perpendicular)

Question 35

For the lateral projection of the knee, how many degrees should the knee be flexed?

Answer 35

20-30

Question 36

How is the CR directed for the lateral projection of the knee?

Answer 36

5-7 degrees cephalad

Question 37

Where does the CR enter for the lateral projection of the knee?

Answer 37

1" inferior to the medial epicondyle